Validation of the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) in Zulu, Xhosa and Afrikaans populations in South Africa

Table 3 Varimax-rotated factor loadings (>0.3) and unique variances of CES-D-10 items

CES-D-10 items	Zulu		Afrikaans	Xhosa
CES-D-10 items	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 1	Factor 1	Factor 2
1. I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me	0.57		0.78	0.55
2. I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing	0.57		0.83	0.66
3. I felt depressed	0.64		0.83	0.76
4. I felt that everything I did was an effort	0.68		0.71	0.61
5. I felt hopeful about the future		0.69	0.36		0.80
6. I felt fearful	0.56		0.67	0.53
7. My sleep was restless	0.55		0.70	0.64	0.30
8. I was happy		0.77	0.60		0.67
9. I felt lonely	0.71		0.80	0.69
10. I could not “get going”	0.66		0.77	0.61

ISSN: 1471-244X