The role of ethnicity in pathways to emergency psychiatric services for clients with psychosis

BMC Psychiatry

Table 2 Descriptive profile of emergency department clients with diagnosis of psychosis by ethnic group origin (n = 765)

Variable	East Asian (n = 137)		South Asian (n = 91)		Black African (n = 99)		Black Caribbean (n = 141)		White North American (n = 150)		White European (n = 147)
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	Test statistic	df	p
Age (Mean ± SD)	37.8 ± 14.9		35.7 ± 11.9		33.5 ± 11.1		39.2 ± 14.0		39.8 ± 13.8		39.7 ± 16.1		F = 3.68	5, 754	0.003
Female	63	46.7	29	32.2	35	35.4	57	41.6	45	30.8	46	32.2	Χ² = 11.49	5	0.043
Partner	17	13.5	13	15.9	6	6.8	9	6.9	19	13.8	14	10.0			ns
GP	69	51.5	46	51.1	40	41.2	64	46.4	65	44.2	74	51.4			ns
Psychiatrist	79	59.4	45	50	60	61.9	73	52.5	87	59.2	82	56.6			ns
Symptom Severity Scale (Mean ± SD)	4.5 ± 2.3		4.4 ± 2.4		4.9 ± 2.5		5.5 ± 2.8		5.0 ± 2.6		4.6 ± 2.5		F = 3.23	5, 759	0.007
Arrival by Police or Emergency	54	39.4	31	34.1	38	38.4	52	36.9	43	28.7	52	35.4			ns
Accompanied by Friend or Family	33	24.1	18	19.8	22	22.2	24	17.0	33	22.0	41	27.9			ns
Involuntary Mental Health Status	47	35.6	34	38.2	35	36.5	50	35.7	36	25.2	44	30.6			ns
Clinical Risk	42	30.7	27	29.7	25	25.3	37	26.2	41	27.3	46	31.3			ns
ON-Marg	East Asian (n = 109)		South Asian (n = 69)		Black African (n = 81)		Black Caribbean (n = 108)		White North American (n = 114)		White European (n = 125)		Test statistic	df	p
Residential Instability (Mean ± SD)	0.99 ± 1.28		0.75 ± 1.23		1.07 ± 1.33		1.10 ± 1.18		1.00 ± 1.22		0.94 ± 1.18				ns
Material Deprivation (Mean ± SD)	0.19 ± 1.11		0.16 ± 1.15		0.68 ± 1.53		0.82 ± 1.56		0.06 ± 1.12		0.16 ± 1.02		F = 10.40	5, 600	<0.001
Dependency (Mean ± SD)	−0.23 ± 0.75		−0.28 ± 0.96		−0.43 ± 0.65		−0.41 ± 0.81		−0.29 ± 1.07		−0.19 ± 0.88				ns
Ethnic Concentration (Mean ± SD)	1.44 ± 1.37		1.68 ± 1.63		1.81 ± 1.75		1.73 ± 1.47		1.07 ± 1.34		1.07 ± 1.27		F = 11.28	5, 600	<0.001

ISSN: 1471-244X