Table 1 Demographic characteristics of HD patients with low and normal mood
From: Prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients in northern China
Number of subjects n = 227 | Normal mood (CES-D < 16) n = 161 | Low mood (CES-D > =16) n = 66 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (%) | 0.058 | |||
Male | 121(53.3%) | 85(52.8%) | 36(54.6%) | |
Female | 106(46.7%) | 76(47.2%) | 30(45.4%) | |
Age (years)(mean ± SD)a | 49.13 ± 14.20 | 49.65 ± 14.60 | 0.804 | |
HD duration (months) | 0.351 | |||
≤ 24 | 71(31.2%) | 54(33.5%) | 17(25.8%) | |
25–60 | 78(34.4%) | 56(34.8%) | 22(33.3%) | |
>60 | 78(34.4%) | 51(31.7%) | 27(40.9%) | |
Marital status, n (%) | 0.820 | |||
Married | 181(79.7%) | 129(80.1%) | 52(78.8%) | |
others | 46(20.3%) | 32(19.9%) | 14(21.2%) | |
Educational level | 0.922 | |||
≤ Junior high school | 94(41.4%) | 67(41.6%) | 27(40.9%) | |
>Junior high school | 133(58.6%) | 94(58.4%) | 39(59.1%) | |
Monthly income per person (Yuan) | 0.008** | |||
<800 | 42(18.5%) | 25(15.5%) | 17(25.8%) | |
800–1499 | 49(21.6%) | 28(17.4%) | 21(31.8%) | |
1500–2999 | 75(33.0%) | 58(36.0%) | 17(25.8%) | |
3000–4999 | 39(17.2%) | 34(21.1%) | 5(7.6%) | |
≥ 5000 | 22(9.7%) | 16(9.9%) | 6(9.1%) | |
Primary kidney disease | 0.445 | |||
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 116(51.1%) | 87(54.0%) | 29(43.9%) | |
Diabetic nephropathy | 19(8.4%) | 13(8.1%) | 6(9.1%) | |
Hypertension | 22(9.7%) | 13(8.1%) | 9(13.6%) | |
Others | 70(30.8%) | 48(29.8%) | 22(33.3%) | |
Ca (mmol/L)(mean ± SD)a | 2.11 ± 0.30 | 2.18 ± 0.28 | 0.074 | |
P (mmol/L)(median(IQR))b,c | 2.08(1.05) | 1.95(1.30) | 0.768 | |
PTH (pmol/L)(median(IQR))b,c | 36.67(122.05) | 29.12(36.06) | 0.300 | |
Total weekly urea Kt/V (mean ± SD)a | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.606 |
Religion | 0.850 | |||
No | 198(87.2%) | 140(87.0%) | 58(87.9%) | |
Yes | 29(12.8%) | 21(13.0%) | 8(12.1%) | |
BMI | 0.155 | |||
<25 | 182(80.2%) | 125(77.6%) | 57(86.4%) | |
≥ 25 | 45(19.8%) | 36(22.4%) | 9(13.6%) | |
Concern about arteriovenous fistula | 0.032* | |||
Always | 67(29.5%) | 43(26.7%) | 24(36.4%) | |
Frequently | 37(16.3%) | 22(13.7%) | 15(22.7%) | |
Not at all | 123(54.2%) | 96(59.6%) | 27(40.9%) | |
Renal disease duration (months) | 0.382 | |||
≤ 40 | 71(31.3%) | 46(28.6%) | 25(37.9%) | |
41–89 | 82(36.1%) | 61(37.9%) | 21(31.8%) | |
≥ 90 | 74(32.6%) | 54(33.5%) | 20(30.3%) | |
Activities of daily living | 15.4 ± 3.9 | 18.1 ± 6.3 | <0.001*** | |
SF-36 (mean ± SD)a | ||||
Physical functioning | 81.1 ± 18.3 | 67.7 ± 24.4 | <0.001*** | |
Role limitation due to physical problems | 53.1 ± 40.7 | 28.8 ± 38.0 | <0.001*** | |
Role limitation due to emotional problems | 78.9 ± 32.6 | 44.9 ± 45.5 | <0.001*** | |
Social functioning | 69.4 ± 22.2 | 47.3 ± 24.8 | <0.001*** | |
Mental health | 85.7 ± 12.8 | 54.9 ± 22.9 | <0.001*** | |
Energy and vitality | 69.1 ± 18.7 | 42.8 ± 21.0 | <0.001*** | |
Bodily pain | 82.4 ± 25.7 | 63.6 ± 34.1 | <0.001*** | |
General perception of health | 49.3 ± 20.2 | 29.1 ± 16.9 | <0.001*** | |
Social support (mean ± SD)a | ||||
Family support | 25.3 ± 2.6 | 23.5 ± 3.6 | <0.001*** | |
Outside family support | 44.5 ± 8.9 | 37.7 ± 11.1 | <0.001*** | |
Coping style (mean ± SD)a | ||||
Confrontation | 18.8 ± 4.5 | 17.9 ± 4.5 | 0.149 | |
Avoidance | 18.1 ± 3.3 | 17.1 ± 3.1 | 0.041* | |
Acceptance-resignation | 10.6 ± 1.9 | 11.9 ± 2.3 | <0.001*** | |
Self-efficacy (mean ± SD)a | 29.7 ± 6.7 | 24.4 ± 7.6 | <0.001*** | |
Ego resiliency (mean ± SD)a | 41.1 ± 7.9 | 36.4 ± 6.9 | <0.001*** |