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Table 3 Univariate analyses: comparisons between groups with and without probable dementia

From: Risk factors for dementia in the ninth decade of life and beyond: a study of the Lothian birth cohort 1921

Variable

No dementia

(n = 410)

Probable dementia

(n = 110)

Group comparison

p value (chi-square or t-test)

Age at wave 1

n = 410

n = 110

 

 -mean age in years (SD)

79.1 (0.6)

79.0 (0.6)

0.610

Sex

n = 410

n = 110

 

 -% female

56.6

62.7

0.247

APOE ɛ4 carrier statusa

n = 404

n = 110

 

 -% carrier APOE ɛ4

22.5

40.9

<0.001

Age 11 IQ (standardised)

n = 365

n = 102

 

 -mean score (SD)

100.0 (14.5)

100.1 (16.1)

0.948

Teeth

n = 410

n = 110

 

 -mean number of teeth (SD)

9.2 (9.4)

9.6 (8.9)

0.706

Height

n = 409

n = 107

 

 -mean height in cm (SD)

163.6 (9.4)

162.1 (9.2)

0.144

Formal education

n = 409

n = 109

 

 -mean number of years (SD)

10.9 (2.4)

11.0 (2.7)

0.732

History of diabetes

n = 410

n = 110

 

 -% positive history

5.4

4.5

0.731

HbA1c

n = 356

n = 98

 

 -mean HbA1c (SD)

5.7 (0.8)

5.7 (0.5)

0.703

History of hypertension

n = 406

n = 109

 

 -% positive history

42.1

34.9

0.171

Systolic blood pressure

n = 408

n = 109

 

 -mean BP in mmHg (SD)

168.9 (27.3)

166.0 (24.8)

0.315

Diastolic blood pressure

n = 408

n = 109

 

 -mean BP in mmHg (SD)

83.1 (13.2)

81.8 (12.3)

0.352

Statin use

n = 347

n = 99

 

 -% positive history

7.5

11.1

0.250

Total serum cholesterol

n = 401

n = 105

 

 -mean (SD)

5.7 (1.1)

5.6 (1.1)

0.891

Depression (HADS)

n = 409

n = 109

 

 -mean depression score (SD)

3.5 (2.3)

3.5 (2.4)

0.966

BMI

n = 409

n = 107

 

 -mean kg/m2 (SD)

26.4 (4.2)

25.4 (4.0)

0.026

Smoking status

n = 410

n = 109

 

 -% current smoker

8.5

2.8

0.039

Lifetime physical activity

n = 273

n = 74

 

 -mean total lifetime score (SD)

8.7 (3.1)

9.5 (3.0)

0.058

Physical effort required in occupation

n = 248

n = 69

 

 -mean score (SD)

2.1 (0.8)

2.3 (0.8)

0.065

  1. aOne or more alleles
  2. Italicized results demonstrate significance of p<0.05