| Alexithymia | cOR(95% CI) | p | aOR (95% CI) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 1170) n (%) | Yes(n = 535) n (%) | |||||
Gender | ||||||
 Male | 729 (62.3) | 330 (61.7) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Female | 441 (37.7) | 205 (38.3) | 1.03 (0.83–1.27) | 0.81 | 1.28 (0.96–1.71) | 0.09 |
Age group | ||||||
 18–24 | 399 (35.6) | 178 (35.2) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 25–34 | 474 (42.3) | 187 (37.0) | 0.88 (0.69–1.13) | 0.32 | 0.86 (0.62–1.20) | 0.38 |
 35–44 | 182 (16.2) | 96 (19.0) | 1.18 (0.87–1.60) | 0.28 | 1.13 (0.72–1.77) | 0.61 |
 45–54 | 48 (4.3) | 32 (6.3) | 1.49 (0.92–2.42) | 0.10 | 2.02 (1.02–3.97) | 0.04 |
  > 54 | 18 (1.6) | 13 (2.6) | 1.62 (0.77–3.38) | 0.20 | 1.39 (0.50–3.85) | 0.53 |
Education group | ||||||
 Primary school or lower | 277 (23.8) | 178 (33.5) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Secondary school/technical school | 797 (68.5) | 343 (64.5) | 0.67 (0.53–0.84) | 0.00 | 0.73 (0.54–0.98) | 0.04 |
 College or above | 89 (7.7) | 11 (2.1) | 0.19 (0.10–0.37) | 0.00 | 0.19 (0.09–0.42) | 0.00 |
Location of residence | ||||||
 Urban | 350 (30.2) | 154 (29.4) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Rural | 810 (69.8) | 369 (70.6) | 1.04 (0.83–1.29) | 0.76 | 0.92 (0.68–1.23) | 0.56 |
Marital status | ||||||
 Single | 663 (57.2) | 294 (55.3) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Married/Cohabiting | 377 (32.5) | 172 (32.3) | 1.03 (0.82–1.29) | 0.81 | 1.12 (0.79–1.56) | 0.53 |
 Divorced/Windowed | 120 (10.3) | 66 (12.4) | 1.24 (0.89–1.73) | 0.20 | 1.11 (0.69–1.79) | 0.67 |
Maximum sentence length (months) | ||||||
 36 or less | 302 (26.3) | 124 (23.7) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 37–60 | 284 (24.8) | 124 (23.7) | 1.06 (0.79–1.43) | 0.69 | 1.16 (0.81–1.66) | 0.43 |
 61–120 | 297 (25.9) | 122 (23.3) | 1.00 (0.74–1.35) | 0.99 | 0.97 (0.66–1.43) | 0.88 |
  > 120 | 189 (16.5) | 102 (19.5) | 1.31 (0.96–1.81) | 0.09 | 1.12 (0.69–1.79) | 0.65 |
 suspended death /life imprisonment | 75 (6.5) | 51 (9.8) | 1.66 (1.09–2.50) | 0.02 | 1.13 (0.54–2.36) | 0.75 |
Duration in prison (months) | ||||||
 12 or less | 269 (23.7) | 105 (20.2) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 13–24 | 418 (36.8) | 183 (35.2) | 1.12 (0.84–1.49) | 0.43 | 1.15 (0.82–1.60) | 0.43 |
 25–48 | 233 (20.5) | 112 (21.5) | 1.23 (0.89–1.69) | 0.20 | 1.13 (0.74–1.74) | 0.56 |
 49–120 | 171 (15.1) | 82 (15.8) | 1.23 (0.87–1.74) | 0.24 | 0.96 (0.55–1.66) | 0.88 |
  > 120 | 45 (4.0) | 38 (7.3) | 2.16 (1.33–3.52) | 0.00 | 1.44 (0.63–3.31) | 0.39 |
BAI | ||||||
 no anxiety | 599 (52.6) | 196 (37.3) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 mild anxiety | 341 (29.9) | 128 (24.4) | 1.15 (0.89–1.49) | 0.30 | 0.72 (0.51–1.01) | 0.05 |
 moderate anxiety | 140 (12.3) | 127 (24.2) | 2.77 (2.08–3.70) | 0.00 | 1.43 (1.02–2.09) | 0.04 |
 severe anxiety | 59 (5.2) | 74 (14.1) | 3.83 (2.63–5.59) | 0.00 | 1.71 (1.06–2.73) | 0.03 |
BDI | ||||||
 no depression | 258 (22.1) | 58 (10.8) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 mild depression | 270 (23.1) | 90 (16.8) | 1.48 (1.02–2.15) | 0.04 | 1.33 (0.87–2.03) | 0.18 |
 moderate depression | 470 (40.2) | 214 (40.0) | 2.03 (1.46–2.81) | 0.00 | 1.62 (1.08–2.41) | 0.02 |
 severe depression | 172 (14.7) | 173 (32.3) | 4.47 (3.14–6.38) | 0.00 | 2.93 (1.84–4.67) | 0.00 |
BHS | ||||||
 no hopelessness | 201 (20.0) | 41 (9.1) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 mild hopelessness | 443 (44.2) | 167 (37.2) | 1.85 (1.26–2.70) | 0.00 | 1.56 (1.01–2.39) | 0.04 |
 moderate hopelessness | 320 (31.9) | 198 (44.1) | 3.03 (2.08–4.44) | 0.00 | 1.86 (1.18–2.92) | 0.03 |
 severe hopelessness | 39(3.9) | 43(9.6) | 5.41 (3.12–9.35) | 0.00 | 2.35(1.21–4.55) | 0.01 |
CTQ | ||||||
 Never (none) | 54 (4.6) | 10 (1.9) | 1.00 (reference) |  | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Rarely (low) | 855 (73.1) | 331 (61.9) | 2.09 (1.05–4.15) | 0.03 | 2.40 (1.02–5.66) | 0.05 |
 Sometimes (moderate) | 238 (20.3) | 166 (31.0) | 3.76 (1.86–7.61) | 0.00 | 3.63 (1.49–8.84) | 0.00 |
 Often/very often(severe) | 23(2.0) | 28(5.2) | 6.57(2.75–15.72) | 0.00 | 4.08(1.35–12.32) | 0.01 |