From: Antenatal depressive symptoms and perinatal complications: a prospective study in rural Ethiopia
 | Potential perinatal complications | OR (95% CI) |  | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mild Depression | Major depression | Risk/protective factors | ||
Pregnancy complications | Edema | 2.86 (1.95, 4.17) | 2.15 (1.19, 3.88) | aMild Alcohol use |
Blurred vision | 2.11 (1.54, 2.91) | 1.33 (0.80, 2.20) | a(IPV, LTET, history perinatal mortality) | |
Severe headache | 1.81 (1.34, 2.45) | 2.47 (1.57, 3.90) | a(Primary schooling, increased LTET) | |
Severe abdominal pain | 2.41 (1.78, 3.27) | 1.96 (1.23, 3.13) | Â | |
Abnormal discharge | 2.17 (1.48, 3.20) | 1.78 (0.98, 3.24) | bHigh income | |
Burning sensation at urination | 1.50 (1.04, 2.18) | 2.24 (1.32, 3.79) | Â | |
One or more of any symptoms | 2.47 (1.81, 3.38) | 2.34 (1.44, 3.82) | b(ANC use and high income) | |
labour complications | Haemorrhage | 1.94 (1.42, 2.64) | 1.22 (0.75, 1.98) | b(secondary schooling and more) |
Convulsion | 1.49 (1.10, 2.01) | 1.21 (0.76, 1.91) | bhigher parity, †pregnancy complications | |
Severe headache | 1.87 (1.36, 2.57) | 1.72 (1.07, 2.78) | bprimary schooling, †pregnancy comps. | |
Unconsciousness | 1.51 (0.99, 2.29) | 1.39 (0.74, 2.61) | apregnancy complications | |
Fever | 2.01 (1.47, 2.74) | 1.88 (1.17, 2.99) | bPrimary schooling, ×parity, †preg. comps | |
Premature Rupture of Membrane | 2.00 (1.21, 3.31) | 1.26 (0.56, 2.83) | ahaving comorbid conditions | |
Prolonged labour | 2.10 (1.48, 2.96) | 1.62 (0.95, 2.76) | aANC Use, ×parity, †pregnancy comps. | |
Tear | 1.01 (0.56, 1.83) | 1.72 (0.82, 3.61) | aMild Alcohol use, ×parity, †preg. comps. | |
Retained placenta (30 min) | 1.66 (1.11, 2.49) | 1.29 (0.69, 2.42) | apregnancy comps. | |
One or more of any symptoms | 2.12 (1.48, 3.04) | 1.20 (0.71, 2.01) | bparity, †pregnancy comps. | |
postnatal complications | Haemorrhage | 1.51 (1.11, 2.06) | 1.98 (1.23, 3.20) | bRural, †medium income, †primary schooling, †unwanted pregnancy, †history perinatal mortality |
Edema | 2.18 (1.23, 3.87) | 3.03 (1.36, 6.75) | aIntimate partner violence, †labour comps. | |
Blurred vision | 1.72 (1.24, 2.39) | 1.87 (1.15, 3.04) | bRural, ×increased income and education, †mistimed pregnancy, †labour comps. | |
Convulsion | 1.71 (1.22, 2.41) | 1.59 (0.94, 2.68) | bRural, ≥secondary schooling, †labour comp. | |
Severe headache | 1.40 (1.01, 1.94) | 2.95 (1.81, 4.78) | bPrim schooling, †increased LTET, †labour comps | |
Unconsciousness | 2.27 (1.10, 4.70) | 2.98 (1.16, 7.64) | aincreased LTET, †labour complications | |
Severe abdominal pain | 1.54 (1.13, 2.11) | 1.87 (1.16, 3.01) | bAlcohol use, ×high income, †labour comps | |
Abnormal discharge | 1.35 (0.92, 1.99) | 1.59 (0.90, 2.80) | alabour comps | |
Burning sensation at urination | 1.20 (0.84, 1.71) | 3.20 (1.97, 5.19) | bhigher income, †secondary schooling, †labour comps | |
Fever | 1.74 (1.24, 2.43) | 2.45 (1.49, 4.02) | Incm3-, increased labour comps | |
One or more of any symptoms | 1.33 (0.94, 1.88) | 4.16 (2.11, 8.20) | bMild alcohol use, ×high income and education, ×use of ANC, †labour comps | |
neonatal complications | Difficulty or Fast Breathing | 1.67 (1.07, 2.60) | 2.19 (1.18, 4.06) | aIntimate partner violence |
Yellow Skin/Eye Color (Jaundice) | 1.34 (0.64, 2.79) | 0.95 (0.30, 3.05) | bIncreased parity, †unwanted pregnancy, †history perinatal mortality | |
Poor Sucking or Feeding | 0.72 (0.32, 1.61) | 1.38 (0.54, 3.53) | aMild alcohol use | |
Pus, Bleeding, around Umbilical Cord | 1.61 (1.08, 2.40) | 1.66 (0.91, 3.01) | bHigh income | |
Skin Lesions Or Blisters | 1.38 (0.89, 2.15) | 1.08 (0.53, 2.20) | aComorbid conditions | |
Convulsions/Spasms/Rigidity | 2.08 (1.33, 3.26) | 1.79 (0.90, 3.53) | a history perinatal mortality | |
Lethargy/Unconsciousness | 1.19 (0.51, 2.78) | 1.75 (0.59, 5.19) | Â | |
Red or Swollen Eyes With Pus | 1.54 (1.14, 2.07) | 1.52 (0.95, 2.43) | bHigh income | |
Difficulty or Fast Breathing | 1.67 (1.07, 2.60) | 2.19 (1.18, 4.06) | aintimate partner violence |