From: Measurement invariance testing of the PHQ-9 in a multi-ethnic population in Europe: the HELIUS study
 | Model | Free parameters | χ2 (df) | RMSEA | CFI | Reference model | ΔRMSEA | ΔCFI | Difftest χ2 (df) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | 1.Configural | 198 | 928.088 (144)* | 0.058 (0.054–0.061) | 0.990 |  |  |  |  |
2.Metric | 158 | 1274.214 (184)* | 0.060 (0.057–0.063) | 0.987 | 1 | +0.002 | -0.003 | 349.622 (40)* | |
3.Strong (scalar) | 103 | 1261.862 (239)* | 0.051 (0.048–0.054) | 0.987 | 2 | -0.009 | 0 | 150.676 (55)* | |
4.Strict | 43 | 1543.709 (299)* | 0.050 (0.048–0.053) | 0.985 | 3 | -0.001 | -0.002 | 378.881 (60)* | |
Women | 1.Configural | 198 | 1515.877 (144)* | 0.066 (0.063–0.069) | 0.987 |  |  |  |  |
2.Metric | 158 | 2236.731 (184)* | 0.071 (0.068–0.074) | 0.981 | 1 | +0.005 | -0.006 | 681.499 (40)* | |
3.Strong (scalar) | 103 | 2278.780 (239)* | 0.062 (0.060–0.064) | 0.981 | 2 | -0.009 | 0 | 315.266 (55)* | |
4.Strict | 43 | 2554.394 (299)* | 0.058 (0.056–0.060) | 0.979 | 3 | -0.004 | -0.002 | 523.376 (60)* |