Table 3 Means (SD) at baseline and at 10 and 20 months assessments

Primary outcomes

Intervention

Control

Intervention

Control

Cohen’s d^a

Intervention

Control

Cohen’s d

Quality of life

4.08 (.70)

N = 152

3.93 (.67)

N = 110

4.15 (.66)

N = 124

3.89 (.70)

N = 88

.0.373 t(210) = 2.71

p = .01

4.57 (.95)

N = 104

4.53 (.75)

N = 76

0.051 t(178) = .33

p = .74

Social functioning

112.13 (24.76)

N = 152

109.57 (23.21)

N = 111

107.86 (26.92)

N = 125

108.57 (23.89)

N = 89

−.028 t(212) = −.20

p = .84

111.78 (22.93)

N = 104

115.87 (24.96)

N = 76

−.170 t(178) = −1.14

p = .26

Personal recovery

3.52 (.55)

N = 152

3.41 (.48)

N = 110

3.55 (.44)

N = 125

3.44 (.57)

N = 89

.212 t(212) = 1.59

p = .11

3.58 (.46)

N = 104

3.46 (.51)

N = 76

.259 t(178) = 1.74

p = .08

Hope

2.91 (.38)

N = 152

2.84 (.38)

N = 110

2.89 (.34)

N = 123

2.84 (.39)

N = 89

.148 t(210) = 1.09

p = .28

2.92 (.35)

N = 103

2.87 (.36)

N = 75

.143 t(176) = .95

p = .35

Empowerment

3.64 (.48)

N = 139

3.60 (.49)

N = 103

3.67 (.39)

N = 111

3.57 (.54)

N = 82

.215 t(141) = 1.42

p = .16

3.67 (.41)

N = 99

3.67 (.49)

N = 73

.070 t(170) = .44

p = .66

Self-efficacy

4.41 (.91)

N = 139

4.36 (.76)

N = 101

4.51 (0.62)

N = 112

4.35 (.81)

N = 81

.227 t(144) = 1.59

p = .14

4.43 (.73)

N = 97

4.42 (.73)

N = 70

.004 t(165) = .03

p = .98

Unmet needs

3.95 (3.16)

N = 149

4.45 (2.83)

N = 106

3.16 (2.3)

N = 117

4.0 (3.04)

N = 89

.316 t(159) = −2.14

(P = .03)

2.18 (2.31)

N = 101

2.85 (.79)

N = 72

.252 t(171) = −1.72

p = .09