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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Economic evaluation of an experience sampling method intervention in depression compared with treatment as usual using data from a randomized controlled trial

 

ESM-I (n = 33)

Pseudo-intervention (n = 35)

Control group (n = 33)

Gender, male: n (%)

17 (51.5)

14 (40.0)

15 (45.5)

Age, years: mean (SD)

49 (10.2)

47 (9.7)

49 (10.9)

Education

 low (no/primary/low secondary)

6 (18.1)

9 (25.7)

10 (30.3)

 medium (high school/low vocational)

12 (36.4)

14 (40.0)

12 (36.3)

 high (higher vocational/university)

15 (45.5)

12 (34.3)

11 (33.3)

Depressive symptoms (HDRS): mean (SD)

13.5 (5.6)

15.1 (6.9)

15.5 (5.4)

 range

2–30

2–30

5–27

Treated in primary care

7 (21)

6 (17)

8 (24)

Bipolar disorder

2 (6)

2 (6)

5 (15)

DSM-IV axis I comorbidity

12 (36)

16 (46)

12 (36)

Psychotherapy yes/no

4 (15)

4 (13)

2 (7)

Use of antidepressant medicationa

 New

2 (6)

3 (9)

1 (3)

 Switch

3 (9)

3 (9)

7 (21)

 Maintenance

28 (85)

29 (83)

25 (76)

QALYs, last 12 weeks, mean (SD)

 EQ-5D, UK tariff (Dolan) (range − 0.04; 0.23)

0.15 (0.07)

0.14 (0.06)

0.12 (0.07)

Health care costs (last 12 weeks), mean (SD)

 Health care use

€2230 (€7186)

€3150 (€4369)

€1999 (€4348)

 Medication

€42 (€145)

€18 (€59)

€32 (€79)

 Total

€2273 (€7179)

€3168 (€4363)

€2032 (€4342)

Societal (last 12 weeks), mean (SD)

 Absence from work

€2541 (€5983)

€2154 (€4852)

€2785 (€5066)

 Productivity loss at work

€2156 (€3910)

€2135 (€3486)

€2637 (€4224)

 Total (incl. health care costs)

€6828 (€12817)

€7458 (€10201)

€7291 (€9360)

  1. HDRS 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, QALY quality adjusted life year, EQ-5D EuroQol-5D-3L
  2. aNew and switch are defined as shorter than 8 weeks on this medication; the rest is maintenance