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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of suicide cases and living controls

From: The validity of proxy-based data on loneliness in suicide research: a case-control psychological autopsy study in rural China

Variable

Suicide cases (n = 242)

Living controls (n = 242)

χ 2 /t

P

Gender

  

 Male

135 (55.8)

135 (55.8)

  

 Female

107 (44.2)

107 (44.2)

  

Age groups

  

0.913

0.633

 60-69

73 (30.2)

70 (28.9)

  

 70-79

100 (41.3)

110 (45.5)

  

  ≥ 80

69 (28.5)

62 (25.6)

  

Education

  

1.920

0.383

 Below primary school

111 (45.9)

96 (39.7)

  

 Primary school

105 (43.4)

116 (47.9)

  

 Above primary school

26 (10.7)

30 (12.4)

  

Marital status

  

19.890

0.000

 Currently married

122 (50.4)

170 (70.2)

  

 Non-currently married

120 (49.6)

72 (29.8)

  

Employment

  

8.274

0.016

 Employed

41 (16.9)

61 (25.2)

  

 Unemployed

194 (80.2)

167 (69.0)

  

 Retired

7 (2.9)

14 (5.8)

  

Living alone

  

10.679

0.002

 Yes

64 (26.4)

35 (14.5)

  

 No

178 (73.6)

207 (85.5)

  

Being left-behind

  

4.491

0.046

 Yes

41 (16.9)

25 (10.3)

  

 No

201 (83.1)

217 (89.7)

  

Depression [mean (SD)]

21.40 (5.95)

9.22 (6.42)

21.654

0.000

QOL [mean (SD)]

15.40 (3.06)

19.50 (3.11)

14.629

0.000

Social support [mean (SD)]

22.88 (5.98)

27.47 (6.82)

7.868

0.000