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Table 5 Depressive Symptoms (PHQ): Comparison between participants with (N = 4.717) and without MetS (N = 9.782)

From: Associations between degree and sub-dimensions of depression and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the community: results from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS)

 

OR (95%CI)

1 - Little interest or pleasure in doing things

1.01 (0.94/ 1.09)

2 - Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless

1.06 (0.98/ 1.15)

3 - Trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much

1.11 (1.03/ 1.20)

4 - Feeling tired or having little energy

1.13 (1.04/ 1.22)

5 - Poor appetite or overeating

1.45 (1.34/ 1.57)

6 - Feeling bad about yourself or that you are a failure or have let yourself or your family down

0.96 (0.88/ 1.05)

7 - Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching television

0.88 (0.82/ 0.95)

8 - Moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed. Or the opposite being so fidgety or restless that you have been moving around a lot more than usual

1.00 (0.90/ 1.11)

9 - Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself

1.09 (0.96/ 1.25)

  1. Logistic regression analyses of PHQ-9 items on MetS, models adjusted for age, sex and SES. Odds ratio above 1 indicate a trend towards a higher item response in MetS. ORs and 95%CI are presented; categories of the PHQ-9 items were dichotomized: 1–3 (several days, more than half the days, nearly every day) vs. 0 (not at all)
  2. Bold p < .001 are statistically significant