The German version of the helping alliance questionnaire: psychometric properties in patients with persistent depressive disorder

Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline

Variable	Participants (n = 268)
Age, M (SD)	44.91 (11.82)
Gender, n (%)
Male	91 (34.0)
Female	177 (66.0)
Age at onset, M (SD)	13.00 (4.41)
Marital status, n (%)
Married; cohabiting	106 (39.6)
Single	117 (43.7)
Divorced, widowed	45 (16.8)
Educational level, n (%)
≤ 11 years	96 (35.8)
≥ 12 years	172 (64.2)
Diagnosis^a, n (%)
Double Depression	119 (45.8)
Chronic Major Depression	82 (31.5)
Recurrent Major Depression without complete remission between episodes	59 (22.7)
Early trauma^{a, b}, n (%)	194 (74.6)
CTQ global sum score^a, M (SD)	52.82 (16.03)
Emotional abuse^a, M (SD)	13.82 (5.57)
Physical abuse^a, M (SD)	7.83 (4.21)
Sexual abuse^d, M (SD)	6.52 (3.03)
Emotional neglect^e, M (SD)	16.18 (5.02)
Physical neglect^a, M (SD)	8.43 (3.17)
HRSD score^c, M (SD)	27.07 (5.61)

Notes. ^a n = 260 (different to Schramm et al., 2017, we included belatedly collected (session 3) CTQ data for 4 participants for whom data was missing at baseline); ^b at least moderate to severe in 1 of 5 dimensions assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; ^c HRSD Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression; ^d n = 258, ^e n = 259

ISSN: 1471-244X