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Table 4 Logistic Regression among Stroke Survivors with Co-occurring Depression in terms of Depression Treatment Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2002–2012)

From: Prevalence, patterns and predictors of depression treatment among community-dwelling older adults with stroke in the United States: a cross sectional study

 

AOR

95% CI

Sig

Predisposing Factors

 Age

  65,+ yrs. vs 50–64 yrs

4.65

[2.10,10.2]

***

 Gender

  Female vs Men

0.71

[0.36,1.41]

 

 Race + Ethnicity

  Other vs White

1.54

[0.78,3.05]

 

Enabling Factors

 Marital Status

  Other vs Married

1.02

[0.46,2.26]

 

 Education

  LT HS vs > HS

0.08

[0.02,0.26]

***

  HS vs > HS

0.29

[0.10,0.80]

*

 Insurance

  Public vs others

0.89

[0.28,2.81]

 

 Poverty Status

  Mid Inc./High Inc. vs Poor/Near Poor

1.87

[0.87,4.01]

 

Need Factors

 Pain

  Quite/Extreme vs No pain

1.20

[0.39,3.67]

 

  Little/Moderate vs No pain

1.99

[0.60,6.65]

 

 Perceived Physical Health Status

  Good vs Ex/vgood

0.56

[0.10,3.02]

 

  Fair/poor vs Ex/vgood

0.65

[0.21,2.01]

 

 Perceived Mental Health Status

  Good vs Ex/vgood

4.55

[2.37,8.72]

***

  Fair/poor vs Ex/vgood

4.05

[1.69,9.73]

**

 ADL Disability

  Yes vs No

1.68

[0.64,4.37]

 

 IADL Disability

  Yes vs No

1.62

[0.58,4.49]

 

 Functional Disability

  Yes vs No

0.20

[0.05,0.84]

*

 Activities Disability

  Yes vs No

3.60

[0.97,13.2]

 

 Chronic Disease Groups

  One vs None

0.64

[0.22,1.86]

 

  Two vs None

1.00

[0.34,2.98]

 

  Three or more vs None

0.21

[0.08,0.52]

***

 CVD

  Yes vs No

0.02

[0.00,1.12]

 

 Anxiety

  Yes vs No

0.88

[0.38,2.01]

 

 Hyperlipidemia

  Yes vs No

1.55

[0.82,2.93]

 

Personal Health Practices Factors

 BMI Status

  Overwt/Obese vs Und/normal

5.71

[2.27,14.3]

***

 Smoking Status

  Curr smoker vs Other

6.30

[1.65,240]

**

External Environmental Factors

 Metropolitan Status

  Non-Metropolitan vs Metropolitan

1.64

[0.77,3.49]

 

 Region

  Mid-west vs Northeast

2.80

[0.86,9.14]

 

  South vs Northeast

0.60

[0.22,1.66]

 

  West vs Northeast

0.41

[0.10,1.78]

 
  1. Based on 370 older adults (age ≥ 50 years) with self-reported stroke and depression who were alive during the calendar year (2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012)
  2. Abbreviations- yrs. years, LT HS Less than High School, HS High School, Wt% Weighted percentage, Sig Significant difference, Ex/vgood Excellent or Very Good, ADL Activity of Daily Living, IADL Instrumental Activity of Daily Living, Und/normal Underweight or Normal, Overwt/Obese Overweight or Obese, BMI Body Mass Index, AOR Adjusted odds ratio, Mid Inc./High Inc. Middle Income or High Income
  3. Asterisks represent statistical significance group differences by type of treatment (any form of depression treatment and no depression treatment) compared to the reference group based on binomial logistic regression. The reference group for the dependent variable in the binomial logistic regression was “No Depression Treatment”
  4. ***p < 0.001; ** 0.001 ≤ p < 0.01; *0.01 ≤ p < 0.05