Table 2 Prevalence of depression in people with HIV in east Africa: Subgroup meta-analysis and heterogeneity analysis
Characteristics | Observation (N) | Prevalence (%) | 95% CI | I2 | Q | df | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geographic location or country | |||||||
 Uganda | 10 | 30.88 | 20.84-43.13 | 98.57% | 636.65 | 9 | P<0.0001 |
 Ethiopia | 5 | 49.79 | 37.22-62.38 | 97.08 | 136.79 | 4 | P<0.0001 |
Instrument used or tool used | |||||||
 Diagnostic | 4 | 12.40 | 4.0-32.80 | 98.94% | 281.77 | 3 | P<0.0001 |
 Screening | 14 | 46.00 | 36.90-55.38 | 97.96% | 638.36 | 13 | P<0.0001 |
Study Setting | |||||||
 Institution based | 18 | 36.86 | 27.87-46.86 | 98.59% | 1207.91 | 17 | P<0.0001 |
Sample size | |||||||
 <400 | 8 | 34.20 | 19.84-52.18 | 98.32% | 416.89 | 7 | P<0.0001 |
 >400 | 11 | 40.46 | 29.39-52.60 | 98.84% | 858.66 | 10 | P<0.0001 |
Reference to diagnostic criteria | |||||||
 DSM/ICD | 4 | 12.40 | 4.0-32.80 | 98.94% | 281.77 | 3 | P<0.0001 |
 PHQ-9 | 4 | 32.15 | 21.58-44.92 | 96.61% | 88.57 |  | P<0.0001 |
 HADS | 2 | 51.30 | 32.20-70.10 | 96.75% | 30.82 | 1 | P<0.0001 |
 CES-D | 4 | 66.14 | 44.34-82.73 | 98.67% | 226.22 | 3 | P<0.0001 |
 HSC-D | 2 | 30.50 | 18.50-46.10 | 93.51% | 14.41 | 1 | P<0.0001 |
Year of publication | |||||||
 2006-2010 | 3 | 33.90 | 10.17-69.93 | 99.25% | 267.34 | 2 | P<0.0001 |
 2011-2013 | 7 | 32.03 | 19.49-47.84 | 98.52% | 406.32 | 6 | P<0.0001 |
 2014-2017 | 9 | 43.50 | 31.23-56.69 | 98.37% | 98.37% 489.63 | 8 | P<0.0001 |