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Table 1 Personal attributes and the results of the univariate analyses

From: The relationship between dispositional empathy, psychological distress, and posttraumatic stress responses among Japanese uniformed disaster workers: a cross-sectional study

  

PTSR

GPD

N

%

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Sex

 Male

214

94.3

4.6

6.7

12.7

3.6

 Female

13

5.7

7.7

6.3

17.2***

8.0

Marital status

 Single

81

35.7

4.0

5.9

12.4

3.5

 Married

146

64.3

5.2

7.1

13.2

4.4

Rank

 Enlisted/Private

143

63.0

4.3

5.8

12.3

3.1

 Officer

84

37.0

5.6

7.9

13.9**

5.3

Unit

 Medical

53

23.3

5.9

7.1

14.1a

5.3

 Airlift

97

42.7

4.8

7.5

13.0

3.8

 Others

77

33.9

3.9

5.3

12.0

3.2

Disaster relief experience

 Yes

193

85.0

4.3

6.1

12.6

3.9

 No

34

15.0

7.5*

8.9

14.9**

4.6

Exposure to bodies

 No

216

95.2

4.8

6.8

12.9

4.1

 Yes

11

4.8

3.5

4.4

13.5

4.6

Psychiatric treatment history

 No

219

98.2

4.8

6.7

12.9

4.1

 Yes

4

1.8

8.5

7.2

11.0

2.0

  1. N = 227. PTSR Posttraumatic stress response evaluated by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, GPD General psychological distress evaluated by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, SD standard deviation
  2. aIndividuals who were assigned to medical units showed significantly higher scores than others (p < .05, multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni correction)
  3. *p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001