Characteristics | Vaginal delivery (n = 1148) | ECS with medical indications (n = 1154) | ECS on maternal request (n = 693) | Emergency caesarean section (n = 324) | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |||||
 Maternal age (years) (mean ± SD) ** | 26.1 ± 3.1 | 27.3 ± 3.6 | 27.1 ± 3.5 | 26.5 ± 2.9 | 26.8 ± 3.4 |
 Maternal educational years (mean ± SD)* | 12.9 ± 3.6 | 13.3 ± 3.2 | 12.9 ± 3.2 | 13.3 ± 3.1 | 13.0 ± 3.3 |
Residence (n/%)**a | |||||
 Urban areas | 981/85.7 | 1041/90.3 | 614/88.6 | 271/83.9 | 2907/87.7 |
 Rural areas | 164/14.3 | 112/9.7 | 79/11.4 | 52/16.1 | 407/12.3 |
Family monthly income per capita (n/%)**b | |||||
  ≤ 2000 RMB yuan | 696/60.8 | 640/55.5 | 409/59.0 | 177/54.8 | 1922/58.0 |
 2001–7999 RMB yuan | 439/38.4 | 509/44.1 | 273/39.4 | 145/44.9 | 1366/41.2 |
  ≥ 8000 RMB yuan | 9/0.8 | 4/0.3 | 11/1.6 | 1/0.3 | 25/0.8 |
Previous adverse pregnant outcomes (n/%) ** | 500/43.6 | 585/50.7 | 371/53.5 | 140/43.2 | 1596/48.1 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD)** | 19.9 ± 2.1 | 20.6 ± 2.7 | 20.1 ± 2.3 | 20.2 ± 2.1 | 20.2 ± 2.3 |
Primiparity (n/%) | 1094/95.3 | 1087/94.2 | 660/95.2 | 315/97.2 | 3156/95.1 |
Pregnant complications (n/%)* | 147/12.8 | 196/17.0 | 110/15.9 | 41/12.7 | 494/14.9 |
Pregnancy-related anxiety scores in 1st trimester of pregnancy (mean ± SD) | 20.7 ± 4.9 | 21.0 ± 5.0 | 21.2 ± 5.0 | 20.6 ± 4.8 | 20.9 ± 4.9 |
Pregnancy-related anxiety in 1st trimester of pregnancy (n/%) | 270/23.5 | 286/24.8 | 190/27.4 | 79/24.4 | 825/24.9 |
Pregnancy-related anxiety scores in 3rd trimester of pregnancy (mean ± SD)** | 19.2 ± 4.1 | 19.2 ± 4.3 | 19.9 ± 4.5 | 19.6 ± 4.5 | 19.4 ± 4.3 |
Pregnancy-related anxiety in 3rd trimester of pregnancy (n/%) | 152/13.2 | 144/12.5 | 110/15.9 | 54/16.7 | 460/13.9 |
Children’s characteristics | |||||
 Children’s age (years) (mean ± SD)** | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 |
 Children’ gender (n/%) | |||||
  Male | 604/52.6 | 643/55.7 | 352/50.8 | 176/54.3 | 1775/53.5 |
  Female | 544/47.4 | 511/44.3 | 341/49.2 | 148/45.7 | 1544/46.5 |
 Birth weight (g) (mean ± SD) ** | 3320.2 ± 402.5 | 3472.5 ± 492.3 | 3450.5 ± 380.4 | 3535.3 ± 396.6 | 3421.4 ± 437.7 |
A pgar score | |||||
 1 min | 9.9 ± 0.6 | 9.9 ± 0.6 | 10.0 ± 0.5 | 10.0 ± 0.7 | 9.9 ± 0.6 |
 5 min | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 10.0 ± 0.4 | 10.0 ± 0.3 |
Full breastfeeding during 4–6 postnatal months (n/%) | 249/21.7 | 246/21.3 | 144/20.8 | 74/22.8 | 713/21.5 |