Table 2 Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of hazardous alcohol use in persons with first-episode psychosis
From: Hazardous alcohol use in a sample of first episode psychosis patients in Singapore
Variables | OR | 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Age | ||||
 15–20 | Ref |  |  |  |
 21–30 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 6.2 | 0.451 |
 31–40 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 5.4 | 0.799 |
Gender | ||||
 Male | 1.6 | 0.5 | 4.6 | 0.415 |
 Female | Ref |  |  |  |
Ethnicity | ||||
 Chinese | Ref |  |  |  |
 Malay | N.A | N.A | N.A | N.A |
 Indian | 5.4 | 0.9 | 32.0 | 0.062 |
 Others | 17.6 | 0.5 | 611.2 | 0.113 |
Religion | ||||
 Christian | Ref |  |  |  |
 Buddhist | 1.8 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 0.392 |
 Muslim | 0.1 | 0.003 | 1.5 | 0.088 |
 Others | 1.0 | 0.3 | 3.8 | 0.982 |
Education | ||||
 Secondary and below | Ref |  |  |  |
 Pre-tertiary/ Diploma/ Other | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.150 |
 Tertiary | 0.5 | 0.1 | 2.6 | 0.406 |
Work Status | ||||
 Working/ National Service | Ref |  |  |  |
 Student/ Housewife | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.133 |
 Unemployed | 1.0 | 0.3 | 3.1 | 0.950 |
Smoking Status | ||||
 Current Smoker | Ref |  |  |  |
 Never smoked | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.3 | 0.000 |
 Social smoker or ex-smoker | 1.3 | 0.2 | 8.4 | 0.769 |
Diagnosis | ||||
 Schizophrenia Spectrum | Ref |  |  |  |
 Depression with psychotic features | 5.4 | 0.5 | 60.4 | 0.170 |
 Bipolar with psychotic features | 1.2 | 0.2 | 10.3 | 0.845 |
 Delusional Disorder | 3.7 | 0.7 | 19.7 | 0.130 |
 Brief psychotic disorder | 0.1 | 0.004 | 0.7 | 0.024 |
 Psychosis not otherwise specified | 4.8 | 0.5 | 49.3 | 0.188 |
Duration of untreated psychosis (months) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.770 |
PANSS | ||||
 Positive | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.067 |
 Negative | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.033 |
 General psychopathology | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.106 |
GAF | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.370 |