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Table 6 Observed means (OM), observed standard deviations (OSD), estimated means (EM), standard error (ER), and effect sizes (Pearson r) for the outcome measures of the wait list control group (n = 18)

From: Efficacy and feasibility of a humor training for people suffering from depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder: a randomized controlled trial

 

Pre

Post

Follow-up

Pre-post within

Pre-FU within

CHS

2.43 (0.46)

2.43 (0.12)

2.97 (0.47)

2.93 (0.12)

2.95 (0.53)

2.89 (0.13)

0.70***

0.63***

Cheerfulness (STCI)

2.28 (0.45)

2.28 (0.13)

2.86 (0.57)

2.85 (0.13)

2.81 (0.61)

2.76 (0.14)

0.63***

0.52**

Seriousness (STCI)

2.98 (0.43)

2.98 (0.12)

2.64 (0.55)

2.64 (0.12)

2.75 (0.54)

2.73 (0.14)

0.39†

0.27

Bad mood (STCI)

2.30 (0.81)

2.30 (0.17)

1.81 (0.62)

1.85 (0.17)

1.81 (0.67)

1.82 (0.19)

0.47*

0.45*

Depression (CES-D)

15.67 (6.13)

15.67 (1.52)

11.65 (6.24)

11.58 (1.54)

11.23 (7.61)

11.43 (1.65)

0.52**

0.50*

Anxiety (STAI)

51.56 (10.43)

51.56 (2.32)

41.00 (9.43)

41.28 (2.37)

41.31 (9.69)

40.92 (2.56)

0.68***

0.66***

Well-Being (WHO-5)

14.78 (4.11)

14.78 (1.01)

17.12 (4.36)

17.13 (1.03)

16.62 (4.75)

16.19 (1.11)

0.45*

0.26

Gelotophobia (GELOPH)

2.13 (0.69)

2.13 (0.15)

1.75 (0.57)

1.78 (0.15)

1.87 (0.65)

1.76 (0.16)

0.58**

0.57**

  1. Note: CHS: Coping Humor Scale, STCI: State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory – state version, CES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, STAI: State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory – state version, WHO-5: WHO-5 Well-Being Index, GELOPH: Gelotophobia questionnaire, † p ≤ .10, * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p ≤ .001