Table 2 Reported cases of CsA-related neurotoxicity (excluding PRES) in patients with SRNS
Reference | Age (years)/ Gender | Renal diagnosis | CsA plasma level at time of episode (ng/mL) | Other medications at time of episode | Neurologic signs/symptoms | EEG findings | CT/MRI findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[9] | 4/F | SRNS MesPGN | 132 | Not reported | Altered conciousness, seizures, cortical blindness | n/a | MRI: Increased T2 intensity and restricted diffusion on DWI/ADC in P, O, W, G |
[9] | 11/M | SRNS FSGS | 141 | Not reported | Altered conciousness, seizures | n/a | MRI: Increased T2 intensity and restricted diffusion on DWI/ADC in P, Fr, W |
[9] | 15/F | SRNS IgA nephropathy | 263 | Not reported | Altered conciousness, seizures | n/a | CT: hypodense zones in P, O |
[10] | 6.5/F | SRNS MCD | 172 | Prednisolone (35 mg/day) Sodium valproate (1 mg/kg IV per hour) Phenobarbital (10 mg/kg IV) | Headache, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, coma | Focus of slow paroxysmal activity in posterior right leads | CT: normal MRI: contrast enhancement in corticosubcortical areas of P and Fr bilaterally (resolved at 3 month comparison study) |
[10] | 12/F | SRNS MesPGN | 203 | Prednisolone (60 mg every other day) | Headache, confusion, seizures, status epilepticus | Slow activity (consistent with therapeutic coma) with left occipital spikes | CT: normal MRI: Increased T2 intensity in cortex and cortico-subcortical junction of medial left P and bilateral Fr |
[13] | 10/M | SRNS FSGS | 85.55 | Prednisone (2 mg/mg/day) | Anxiety, tremor, headache, neck pain | Normal | CT: “small widening sulcus on brain surface” |