Table 3 Risk of mortality by suicide according to caregiver and volunteer status. Data represent Hazard Ratios (and 95% Confidence Intervals) from separate Cox proportional hazard models
From: Are volunteering and caregiving associated with suicide risk? A Census-based longitudinal study
Caregiver and volunteer status | M1 Adjusted for age and sex | M2 M1 + religion and marital status | M3 M2 + Single person household | M4 M3 + Socio-economic status | M5 M4 + Economic Activity | M6 M5 + Self-reported health status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-helper | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Caregiver only | 0.64 (0.47, 0.87) | 0.69 (0.51, 0.94) | 0.75 (0.55, 1.02) | 0.76 (0.56, 1.03) | 0.81 (0.59, 1.10) | 0.80 (0.59, 1.09) |
Volunteer only | 0.60 (0.43, 0.83) | 0.65 (0.47, 0.91) | 0.64 (0.46, 0.89) | 0.79 (0.56, 1.10) | 0.84 (0.60, 1.17) | 0.86 (0.62, 1.20) |
Both Caregiver & Volunteer | 0.22 (0.09, 0.53) | 0.25 (0.10, 0.60) | 0.25 (0.10, 0.61) | 0.33 (0.13, 0.79) | 0.35 (0.15, 0.86) | 0.34 (0.14, 0.84) |