From: Serum folate levels in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author (year) | Study design | Criteria | bipolar subtype | symptom severity | Mood state and subjects’ characteristics | n (male/female) | Mean age | Source and assay | Comorbidities and exclusion criteria |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doganavsargil Baysal, G.O. (2013) | case-control study | DSM-IV-TR | bipolar I disorder | maintain | Euthymic patient Healthy control | 60 (n/a) 20 (n/a) | n/a | Serum, n/a | Patients who had neurologic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypo/hyperthyroid- ism, non-psychotropic drug use that could affect HCY levels, substance abuse, an IQ score below 80 based on the WAIS-R test (Epir and Iskit, 1972), a history of electroconvulsive therapy during the previous 6 months, or patients who tested positive for biochemical markers suggestive of abnormal thyroid, liver or renal functions were not included in the study. |
Ezzaher, A. (2011) | case-control study | DSM-IV | bipolar I disorder | n/a | Depressive, manic, euthymic patient Healthy control | 92 (62/30) 170 (79/91) | 36.0 ± 11.1 43.7 ± 14.2 | Serum, microparticle enzyme immunoassay on Elecsys 2010 | The exclusion criteria were age < 18 years, other psychiatric illnesses, epilepsy, mental retardation, hormone therapy, history of vitamin use, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid dysfunction, liver disease, or renal dysfunction. |
Diass, V.V. (2009) | case-control study | DSM-IV | bipolar I disorder | maintain | Euthymic patient Healthy control | 65 (24/41) 49 (14/35) | 37.8 ± 10.5 33.6 ± 9.8 | Serum, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay | Patients with neurological disorders, previous head trauma, physical illnesses requiring medical intervention, substance abuse, or an ECT course in the preceding 6 months were excluded. |
Ozbek, Z. (2008) | case-control study | DSM-IV | Bipolar disorder | n/a | Unspecified mood patient Healthy control | 197 (74/123) 238 (67/171) | 40.6 ± 12.2 41.3 ± 12.7 | Serum, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay | None of the subjects had significant neurological comorbidity, epilepsy, mental retardation or a history of substance abuse. None of the subjects presented with current or past history of cardiovascular disease, endocrinological and metabolic disease, or a family history of coronary heart disease. |
Lerner, V. (2006) | case-control study | DSM-IV | bipolar I disorder | acute | Mania, inpatient Healthy control | 22 (n/a) 250 (156/94) | n/a 42.17 ± 14.2 | Serum, Electrochemiluminescence | n/a |
Hasanah, C.I. (1997) | case-control study | DSM-III-R | bipolar I disorder | acute | Mania, inpatient Healthy control | 45 (24/21) 33 (13/20) | 30.0 29.0 | serum, the IMx system | The exclusion criteria were, mood incongruent psychotic features, concomitant medical illness, substance misuse, pregnancy, puerperium and those on drug treatment. Those with noticeable weight loss by close relatives were also excluded. |