Table 2 Studies included in the meta-analysis
From: Prepulse inhibition in patients with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author (year) | Sample (N) | Male (%) | Age (year) | Smokers (%) | Stages of disease | Psychosis History | medications | Patients clinical characteristics | Experimental paradigm | Getdata |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sanchez-Morla, E. M. et al. 2016 [16] | BD I (52) | 22 (42.3) | 42.6 (11.0) | 18 (34.6) | Euthymic (HAMD < 7, YMRS < 6, for at least the previous 3 months) | NA | 59.6% SGA, 50% Lithium, 48.1% Anticonvulsants, 30.8% Antidepressants, 30.8% Benzodiazepines | YMRS < 6 HAMD < 7 | Background noise 70 dB Pulse 40 ms 118 dB Prepulse 20 ms 80 dB Interval 60 and 120 ms | No |
HC (50) | 23 (46) | 39.3 (10.1) | 17 (34.0) | Â | ||||||
Gogos, A. et al. 2009 [26] | BD (29) | 14 (48.3) | 42.9 (10.9) | 9 (31.0) | Euthymic (Self-reported Euthymic) | NA | 51.7% Antipsychotics,48.3% Sodium valproate, 24.1% Lithium, 37.9% Antidepressants | MRS 2.5 ± 3.7 HAMD 7.0 ± 6.3 PANSS 44 ± 9.5 | Background noise 70 dB Pulse 40 ms 115 dB Prepulse 20 ms 74,78 and 86 dB Interval 60 and 120 ms | Yes |
HC (32) | 16 (50) | 40.5 (11.7) | 1 (3.1) | Â | ||||||
HC (32) | 15 (46.9) | 30.4 (8.5) | NA | Â | ||||||
Giakoumaki, S. G. et al. 2007 [20] | BD I (21) | 11 (52.4) | 32.9 (7.3) | NA | Euthymic (HAMD < 7, YMRS < 7) | N = 10 | 71.42% Antipsychotic Medication 28.57% Lithium 23.8% Valproate, 52.38% Carbamazepine | YMRS 3.29 ± 2.28 HAMD 3.43 ± 2.48, BPRS 27.00 ± 5.18, GAF 72.71 ± 9.83 | Background noise 70 dB Pulse 40 ms 115 dB Prepulse 20 ms 85 dB Interval 60 and 120 ms | Yes |
HC (17) | 10 (58.8) | 31.6 (6.9) | NA | Â | ||||||
Barrett, S. L. et al. 2005 [28] | BD (23) | 12 (52.17) | 46.4 (13.4) | 10 (43.47) | Euthymic (HAMD < 8, YMRS < 20) | NA | 26.09% Antipsychotics, 26.09% Sodium valproate, 78.26% Lithium 21.74% Antidepressants 8.70% Carbamazepine | YMRS 1.9 ± 3.1 HAMD 3.0 ± 2.0 | Background noise 70 dB Pulse 40 ms 111 dB Prepulse 40 ms 70 and 85 dB Interval 60 or 120 ms | Yes |
HC (20) | 10 (50) | 42.4 (13.0) | 2 (10) | Â | ||||||
Rich, B. A. et al. 2005 [30] | BD (16) | 7 (53.8) | 12.7 (2.7) | NA | Euthymic (16 subjects were in euthymic period, no clear definition) | No | 68.8% antipsychotics, 68.8% anticonvulsants 50.0% antidepressants, 43.8% lithium 25.0% stimulants, 25.0% sedatives | YMRS 3.71 ± 6.20 CDRS 23.14 ± 6.16, K-SADS psychosis score 2.00 ± 0.00 | Background noise NA Pulse NA 104 dB Prepulse 50 ms 70 dB Interval 60 or 120 ms | Yes |
HC (13) | 7 (43.8) | 13.2 (2.2) | NA | Â |