Associations between Chinese adolescents subjected to traditional and cyber bullying and suicidal ideation, self-harm and suicide attempts

Table 3 The risk of behavior related to suicide and self-harm between different types of bullying victimization

Bullying victimization ^a	Suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm, OR (95% CI) ^b
Bullying victimization ^a	Suicide attempts	Suicidal ideation plus self-harm	Suicidal ideation only	Self-harm only
Combined bullying vs. cyber bullying only (ref.)	2.4 (0.8, 7.2)	1.6 (0.5, 5.2)	1.7 (0.8, 3.2)	NA
Combined bullying vs. traditional bullying only (ref.)	3.2 (1.3, 8.3)*	3.3 (1.2, 9.4)*	2.8 (1.6, 5.1)**	NA
Cyber bullying only vs. traditional bullying only (ref.)	1.0 (0.4, 2.7)	1.7 (0.7, 4.4)	1.7 (1.1, 2.9)*	1.6 (0.5, 5.0)

Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref., reference; NA, not applicable
^a controlled the other factors: psychopathology symptoms score, gender, grade, urbanity of the school and the type of school
^b * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

ISSN: 1471-244X