Table 4 Stress symptoms subscale quartiles distribution according to sample characteristics
From: Self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in Portuguese primary school-aged children
DASS-C Stress symptoms subscale score | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (<=0.00) | Q2 (1.00–2.00) | Q3 (3.00–5.00) | Q4 (6.00 +) | p | |
n | 300 | 278 | 257 | 187 | |
Age (continuous) [mean (sd)] | 8.86 (0.72) | 8.78 (0.75) | 8.71 (0.86) | 8.70 (0.77) | 0.074 |
Sex [n(%)] | |||||
Boys | 118 (24.5) | 113 (23.5) | 140 (29.1) | 110 (22.9) | |
Girls | 182 (33.6) | 165 (30.5) | 117 (21.6) | 77 (14.2) | < 0.001 |
City of residence [n(%)] | |||||
Coimbra | 180 (32.8) | 165 (30.1) | 124 (22.6) | 80 (14.6) | < 0.001 |
Lisbon | 77 (21.9) | 79 (22.4) | 104 (29.5) | 92 (26.1) | |
Porto | 43 (35.5) | 34 (28.1) | 29 (24.0) | 15 (12.4) | |
Children BMI (IOTF cut-offs) [n(%)] | |||||
Normal | 224 (28.9) | 230 (29.6) | 186 (24.0) | 136 (17.5) | |
Overweight | 62 (32.1) | 37 (19.2) | 53 (27.5) | 41 (21.2) | |
Obesity | 14 (26.4) | 11 (20.8) | 18 (34.0) | 10 (18.9) | 0.075 |
Mother BMI (WHO cut-offs) [n(%)] | |||||
Normal | 212 (30.9) | 180 (26.3) | 171 (25.0) | 122 (17.8) | |
Overweight | 70 (28.5) | 76 (30.9) | 57 (23.2) | 43 (17.5) | |
Obesity | 18 (19.8) | 22 (24.2) | 29 (31.9) | 22 (24.2) | 0.164 |
Socioeconomic statusa (Father education) [n(%)] | |||||
Low | 70 (28.0) | 61 (24.4) | 63 (25.2) | 56 (22.4) | |
Medium | 114 (30.3) | 106 (28.2) | 85 (22.6) | 71 (18.9) | |
High | 116 (29.3) | 111 (28.0) | 109 (27.5) | 60 (15.2) | 0.269 |
Sport Activity beyond school [n(%)] | |||||
Yes | 228 (30.9) | 203 (27.5) | 183 (24.8) | 125 (16.9) | |
No | 72 (25.4) | 75 (26.5) | 74 (26.1) | 62 (21.9) | 0.168 |
Self Assessed Health Status [n(%)] | |||||
Excellent, Very good | 258 (32.1) | 230 (28.6) | 191 (23.8) | 125 (15.5) | |
Good, Bad, Very Bad | 42 (19.3) | 48 (22.0) | 66 (30.3) | 62 (28.4) | < 0.001 |
Mother DASS Stress score [n(%)] | |||||
T1 (<=2.00) | 161 (38.8) | 117 (28.2) | 84 (20.2) | 53 (12.8) | |
T2 (3.00–5.00) | 78 (25.1) | 86 (27.7) | 95 (30.5) | 52 (16.7) | |
T3 (6.00 +) | 61 (20.6) | 75 (25.3) | 78 (26.4) | 82 (27.7) | < 0.001 |