From: Preoperative anxiety in adults - a cross-sectional study on specific fears and risk factors
Type of procedure | Subgroup | Typical example |
---|---|---|
1. Diagnostic procedure | 1.1 Arthroscopy | Knee arthroscopy |
1.2 Diagnostic laparoscopy | Diagnostic pelviscopy in patients with endometriosis or fertility problems | |
1.3 Endoscopies + excisional biopsy | Biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes using endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) | |
2. Medical imaging, radiation therapy, catheter placement, implantation of cardiac devices, ablative interventional radiological procedures | 2.1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | MRI in patients with claustrophobia |
2.2 Brachytherapy or external beam radiation | Brachytherapy of prostate cancer | |
2.3 Catheter placement | CAPD catheter, Port | |
2.4 Pacemaker and ICD implantation | ||
2.5 Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation, chemoembolization (TACE) | RFA of hepatocellular carcinoma, cryotherapy in bone tumors, TACE in metastases of neuro-endocrine neoplasms | |
3. Trauma-related non-emergency surgery | 3.1 | Plate and screw osteo-synthesis for distal radius fracture, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction |
4. Surgery aimed at pain reduction and / or improvement of function | 4.1 All interventions except for eye surgery | Total knee replacement, femoropopliteal bypass, septoplasty |
4.2 Eye surgery | Vitrectomy, cataract surgery | |
5. Resection (benign) | 5.1 | Thyroidectomy, transurethral resection of prostate, hysterectomy |
6. Resection (malignant) | 6.1 | Breast conserving therapy, Abdominoperineal rectal resection, Radical prostatectomy |
7. Highly invasive surgery | 7.1 Neurosurgery involving craniotomy | Excision of meningioma |
7.2 Cardiac surgery involving sternotomy | Aortocoronary bypass, cardiac valve replacement | |
8. Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery | 8.1 | Rhinoplasty, breast reconstruction after mastectomy |
9. Obstetrics | 9.1 | Elective cesarean section |
10. Miscellaneous | 10.1 | Analgesic pump explantation, closure of tracheostomy stoma |