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Table 1 Type of procedures

From: Preoperative anxiety in adults - a cross-sectional study on specific fears and risk factors

Type of procedure

Subgroup

Typical example

1. Diagnostic procedure

1.1 Arthroscopy

Knee arthroscopy

 

1.2 Diagnostic laparoscopy

Diagnostic pelviscopy in patients with endometriosis or fertility problems

 

1.3 Endoscopies + excisional biopsy

Biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes using endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)

2. Medical imaging, radiation therapy, catheter placement, implantation of cardiac devices, ablative interventional radiological procedures

2.1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

MRI in patients with claustrophobia

 

2.2 Brachytherapy or external beam radiation

Brachytherapy of prostate cancer

 

2.3 Catheter placement

CAPD catheter, Port

 

2.4 Pacemaker and ICD implantation

 
 

2.5 Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation, chemoembolization (TACE)

RFA of hepatocellular carcinoma, cryotherapy in bone tumors, TACE in metastases of neuro-endocrine neoplasms

3. Trauma-related non-emergency surgery

3.1

Plate and screw osteo-synthesis for distal radius fracture, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

4. Surgery aimed at pain reduction and / or improvement of function

4.1 All interventions except for eye surgery

Total knee replacement, femoropopliteal bypass, septoplasty

 

4.2 Eye surgery

Vitrectomy, cataract surgery

5. Resection (benign)

5.1

Thyroidectomy, transurethral resection of prostate, hysterectomy

6. Resection (malignant)

6.1

Breast conserving therapy, Abdominoperineal rectal resection, Radical prostatectomy

7. Highly invasive surgery

7.1 Neurosurgery involving craniotomy

Excision of meningioma

 

7.2 Cardiac surgery involving sternotomy

Aortocoronary bypass, cardiac valve replacement

8. Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery

8.1

Rhinoplasty, breast reconstruction after mastectomy

9. Obstetrics

9.1

Elective cesarean section

10. Miscellaneous

10.1

Analgesic pump explantation, closure of tracheostomy stoma

  1. Classification of all procedures based on the anticipated mental burden of the procedure and the surgical invasiveness of the operation