The fair decision-making of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder from the perspective of dual-process theories

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of ASD and TD participants

	HF-ASD (M ± SD)	TD (M ± SD)	t/χ²	SE
Sex			0.00
Male	27	33
Female	4	5
Age	9.07 ± 2.69 range 6–15	9.72 ± 2.76 range 6–16	− 0.99	0.66
IQ	106.10 ± 17.76 range 80–143	117.68 ± 11.32 range 92–140	49.06
BRIEF
Inhibit	60.16 ± 10.42 range 38–76	47.85 ± 9.96 range 36–78	5.03^***	2.45
Shift	58.87 ± 8.80 range 47–77	49.9 ± 8.58 range 36–76	4.27^***	2.09
Emotional control	56.42 ± 10.78 range 42–76	45.82 ± 9.10 range 35–80	4.46^***	2.38
BRI	59.65 ± 9.30 range 45–78	47.05 ± 9.88 range 36–80	5.44^***	2.31
Initiate	60.07 ± 8.79 range 38–77	48.13 ± 7.46 range 35–66	6.14^***	1.94
Working memory	62.97 ± 9.10 range 40–82	48.59 ± 7.34 range 38–66	7.32^***	1.96
Plan/Organize	64.42 ± 10.06 range 45–89	52.26 ± 7.52 range 37–67	5.79^***	2.10
Organization of materials	54.81 ± 8.28 range 39–72	49.00 ± 8.01 range 33–63	2.97^**	1.96
Monitor	65.00 ± 9.01 range 50–82	52.26 ± 8.71 range 33–72	5.96^***	2.14
MI	63.29 ± 8.54 range 44–85	49.97 ± 7.31 range 37–66	7.02^***	1.90
GEC	63.00 ± 7.65 range 46–79	49.08 ± 7.91 range 36–69	7.43^***	1.88
GEM-PR
GEM-C	−0.05 ± 0.89 range − 1.50-1.67	1.16 ± 1.30 range − 1.00-3.67	−4.42^***	0.27
GEM-A	1.16 ± 0.90 range − 1.67-3.22	0.91 ± 1.01 range − 1.44-3.33	1.07	0.23
GEM	0.69 ± 0.65 range − 0.83-2.13	0.99 ± 0.74 range − 0.74-2.96	−1.73	0.17

BRIEF Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function; BRI Behavioral Regulation Index; MI Metacognition Index; GEC Global Executive Composite; GEM-PR Griffith Empathy Measure—Parent Report; GEM-C Cognitive Empathy; GEM-A Affective Empathy; ^**indicates p < 0.05, ^*** indicates p < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-244X