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Table 4 Validation of CAM-ICU versions in the literature

From: A Tunisian version of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU): translation and validation

1st author (Language) (Ref)

Gold standard

Sensitivity (95% CI)

Specificity (95% CI)

PPV (95% CI)

NPV (95% CI)

Ely (English) [11]

DSM-IV

95.0 (77.0–100.0) 96.0 (78.0–100.0) 100.0 (80.0–100.0)

93.0 (68.0–100.0) 93.0 (68.0–100.0) 89.0 (51.0–100.0)

ND

ND

Adamis (Greek) [10]

DSM-IV-TR

87.5 (69–95) 79.2 (59–90)

91.5 (80.0–96.0) 87.2 (75–87)

84.0 (65.0–94.0) 76.0 (56.0–88.0)

94.0 (82.0–97.0) 89.0 (77.0–89.0)

Héo (Korean) [30]

DSM-IV-TR

89.8 77.4

72.4 75.8

ND

ND

Gusmao-Flores (Portuguese) [34]

DSM-IV-TR

72.5 (55.9–84.9)

96.2 (88.5–99.0)

90.6 (73.8–97.5)

87.4 (78.1–93.2)

Wang (Chinese) [35]

DSM-IV-TR

91.8 (84.8–99.2) 93.4 (85.4–100)

90.8 (84.2–97.4) 87.7 (81.5–93.9)

90.3 (89.4–97.2) 87.7 (81.5–93.9)

92.2 (85.2–99.2) 93.4 (85.4–100)

Mitasova (Czech) [36]

DSM-IV

76.0 (54.9–90.6)

98.1 (93.2–99.8)

90.5 (69.6–98.8)

94.4 (88.3–97.9)

Koga (Japanese) [29]

DSM-IV-TR

83.0 (59.0–96.0) 78.0 (52.0–94.0)

95.0 (87.0–99.0) 97.0 (89.0–100.0)

83.0 (59.0–96.0) 88.0 (62.0–98.0)

97.0 (89.0–100.0) 94.0 (85.0–98.0)

Pipanmekaporn (Thai) [37]

DSM-IV-TR

92.3 (64.0–99.8)

94.7 (85.4–98.9)

80.0 (51.9–95.7)

98.2 (90.3–100.0)

van Eijk-1 (Dutch) [38]

DSM-IV

64.0 (49.0–77.0)

88.0 (79.0–93.0)

73.0 (57.0–85.0)

83.0 (74.0–89.0)

van Eijk-2 (Dutch) [26]

DSM-IV-TR

47.0 (35–58)

98.0 (93–100)

95.0 (80.0–99.0)

72.0 (64.0–79.0)

Toro (Spanish) [39]

DSM-IV-TR

79.4 (63.2–89.7)

97.9 (92.6–99.4)

93.1 (78.0–98.1)

93.0 (86.3–96.6)

Guenther (German) [40]

DSM-IV

88.0 (69.0–98.0) 92.0 (74.0–99.0)

100.0 (88.0–100.0) 100.0 (88.0–100)

100.0 (85.0–100.0) 100.0 (85.0–100.0)

91.0 (75.0–98.0) 94.0 (79.0–99.0)

Hestermann (German) [41]

DSM-IV

77.0 (74.0–100.0) 77.0 (74.0–100.0)

96.0 (74.0–100.0) 100.0 (74.0–100.0)

91.0100.0

89.0 90.0

Aljuaid (Saudian Arabia) [14]

DSM-V

74.0 (63.0–84.0) 56.0 (44.0–68.0)

98.0 (93.0–100.0) 92.0 (84.0–100.0)

98.0 (94.0–100.0) 93.0 (85.0–100.0)

68.0 (56.0–81.0) 54.0 (42.0–66.0)

Selim (Egyptian) [15]

DSM-IV-TR

81.0 (60.0–93.0) 85.0 (65.0–95.0)

81.0 (62.0–92.0) 81.0 (62.0–92.0)

78.0 (57.0–91.0) 79.0 (60.0–91.0)

83.0 (65.0–94.0) 86.0 (67.0–95.0)

Present study (Tunisian)

DSM-V

80.4 (65.6–90.1) 95.7 (84.0–99.2)

98.9 (93.2–99.9) 98.9 (93.1–99.9)

97.4 (94.6–99.9) 97.8 (86.8–99.9)

90.9 (83.0–95.5) 97.8 (91.5–99.9)

  1. CAM-ICU Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit, CI confidence interval, DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ND not determined, NPV negative predictive value, PPV positive predictive value. Ref: Reference TR Text Revision