| |
Depression severity score
| |
Anxiety severity score
| |
|---|
|
No or minimal N=4452
|
Mild N=1251
|
Moderate N=924
|
Severe N=456
|
Sig.
|
No or minimal N=3503
|
Mild N=1904
|
Moderate N=1026
|
Severe N=650
|
Sig.
|
|---|
|
Sex (female), % (N)
|
52.60 (2342)
|
62.60 (783)
|
65.90 (608)
|
74.60 (340)
|
<0.001
|
48.70 (1795)
|
61.90 (1178)
|
69.10 (709)
|
74 (481)
|
<0.001
|
|
Age (y)
|
48.91 ± 7.98
|
49.12 ± 7.84
|
48.90 ± 7.99
|
49.08 ± 7.62
|
0.832
|
49.10 ± 7.96
|
48.76 ± 7.99
|
49.11 ± 7.74
|
48.53 ± 7.90
|
0.209
|
|
Education; % (N)
|
|
Low (trade school)
|
53.80 (2395)
|
51.20 (640)
|
54.50 (504)
|
60 (274)
|
0.013
|
52.20 (1831)
|
52.80 (1006)
|
57 (585)
|
60.50 (393)
|
<0.001
|
|
Moderate (high school)
|
33 (1469)
|
36.20 (453)
|
36.60 (338)
|
35.40 (161)
|
0.049
|
33.80 (11.82)
|
35.80 (682)
|
33.10 (339)
|
33.30 (217)
|
0.339
|
|
High (university)
|
13.20 (588)
|
12.60 (158)
|
8.90 (82)
|
4.60 (21)
|
<0.001
|
14 (490)
|
11.40 (216)
|
10 (102)
|
6.20 (40)
|
<0.001
|
|
Smoking status; % (N)
|
|
Non smoker
|
71 (3160)
|
66.90 (838)
|
62.90 (581)
|
56.80 (259)
|
<0.001
|
71.30 (2499)
|
67.60 (1288)
|
64.70 (664)
|
59.20 (385)
|
<0.001
|
|
Ex – smoker
|
10 (445)
|
10.20 (128)
|
9.30 (86)
|
11 (50)
|
0.791
|
9.80 (344)
|
9.90 (188)
|
10.20 (105)
|
11.10 (72)
|
0.790
|
|
Current smoker
|
19 (847)
|
22.90 (286)
|
27.80 (257)
|
32.20 (147)
|
<0.001
|
18.80 (660)
|
22.50 (428)
|
25 (257)
|
29.70 (193)
|
<0.001
|
|
Marital status; % (N)
|
|
Married
|
94 (4186)
|
93 (1162)
|
89.90 (831)
|
87.90 (401)
|
0.676
|
94.40 (3304)
|
92.40 (1759)
|
91.40 (938)
|
89.10 (579)
|
0.514
|
|
Single/ divorced/ widow
|
6 (266)
|
7 (89)
|
10.10 (93)
|
92.10 (55)
|
<0.001
|
5.60 (199)
|
7.60 (145)
|
8.60 (88)
|
10.90 (71)
|
<0.001
|
|
PAL
|
1.56 ± 0.27 a
|
1.57 ± 0.27 b
|
1.59 ± 0.28 c
|
1.61 ± 0.28 ab
|
0.001
|
1.56 ± 0.28 a b c
|
1.58 ± 0.27 a
|
1.59 ± 0.26 b
|
1.61 ± 0.28 c
|
<0.001
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
72.08 ± 12.83
|
72.33 ± 12.60
|
71.76 ± 12.74
|
71.82 ± 13.46
|
0.745
|
72.14 ± 12.98
|
71.85 ± 12.55
|
72.06 ± 12.75
|
72.34 ± 12.83
|
0.812
|
|
Height (cm)
|
161.65 ± 0.09 a b c
|
160.11 ± 0.09 ad
|
159.64 ± 0.09 be
|
158.02 ± 0.09 c d e
|
<0.001
|
162.15 ± 0.09 a b c
|
160.30 ± 0.09 a d e
|
159.12 ± 0.09 b d
|
158.51 ± 0.08 c e
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/ m²)
|
27.61 ± 4.54 a b c
|
28.25 ± 4.63 a
|
28.22 ± 4.88 b
|
28.83 ± 5.25 c
|
<0.001
|
27.45 ± 4.50 a b c
|
28.01 ± 4.64 a d e
|
28.53 ± 4.94 b d
|
28.84 ± 4.90 c e
|
<0.001
|
|
WC (cm)
|
95.43 ± 11.68
|
95.89 ± 12.18
|
95.13 ± 12.31
|
95.75 ± 13.12
|
0.464
|
95.34 ± 11.68
|
95.22 ± 11.95
|
95.95 ± 12.26
|
96.35 ± 12.82
|
0.091
|
|
HC (cm)
|
103.25 ± 8.76
|
103.97 ± 9.18
|
103.91 ± 9.51
|
104.09 ± 9.95
|
0.013
|
103.03 ± 8.70 a b
|
103.49 ± 8.96 c
|
104.27 ± 9.42 a
|
105.03 ± 9.98 b c
|
<0.001
|
|
WHR
|
0.92 ± 0.07 a
|
0.92 ± 0.07
|
0.91 ± 0.08 a
|
0.92 ± 0.08
|
0.013
|
0.92 ± 0.07
|
0.92 ± 0.07
|
0.92 ± 0.08
|
0.92 ± 0.08
|
0.011
|
|
Diabetes; % (N)
|
8.76 (390)
|
9.67 (121)
|
8.76 (81)
|
10.74 (49)
|
0.439
|
8.40 (3503)
|
9.93 (189)
|
7.90 (81)
|
11.85 (77)
|
0.009
|
|
Hypertension; % (N)
|
25.90 (1152)
|
24.10 (301)
|
24 (222)
|
21.05 (96)
|
0.086
|
26.21 (918)
|
22.79 (434)
|
24.70 (253)
|
25.54 (166)
|
0.048
|
|
Dyslipidemia; % (N)
|
85.60 (3810)
|
88.33 (1105)
|
89.70 (829)
|
92.54 (422)
|
<0.001
|
85.13 (2982)
|
88.13 (1678)
|
90.35 (927)
|
89.08 (579)
|
<0.001
|
|
FBG (mg/dl)
|
91.60 ± 37.24
|
92.35 ± 39.71
|
92.51 ± 41.99
|
94.36 ± 42.88
|
0.488
|
91.06 ± 36.90 a
|
92.92 ± 38.48
|
91.02 ± 39.22 b
|
96.20 ± 46.98 a b
|
0.010
|
|
Cholesterol (mg/dl)
|
191.28 ± 39.30
|
192.42 ± 38.79
|
191.10 ± 38.08
|
191.26 ± 37.48
|
0.815
|
190.75± 39.09
|
192.38 ± 8.19
|
193.05 ± 40.09
|
190.05 ± 38.34
|
0.189
|
|
TG (mg/dl)
|
122 (85, 175)
|
125 (86, 180)
|
124 (89.25, 176)
|
119 (89.75, 172)
|
0.214
|
121 (85, 173)
|
124 (87, 179)
|
124 (89, 179)
|
122.50 (87, 174.25)
|
0.144
|
|
LDL-C(mg/dl)
|
118.92 ± 34.66
|
119.08 ± 34.27
|
117.71 ± 35.22
|
118.34 ± 34.86
|
0.775
|
118.66 ± 34.32
|
119.13 ± 33.98
|
119.49 ± 37.11
|
117.02 ± 34.67
|
0.509
|
|
HDL-C (mg/dl)
|
41.93 ± 9.54
|
41.80 ± 9.49
|
41.43 ± 9.16
|
41.26 ± 9.29
|
0.294
|
41.87 ± 9.58
|
41.74 ± 9.43
|
41.71 ± 9.48
|
41.70 ± 9.93
|
0.937
|
|
Serum hs-CRP (mg/L)
|
1.43 (0.91, 2.92) a b
|
1.65 (0.94, .21)
|
1.60 (0.94, 3.71) a
|
1.71 (1, 3.85) b
|
<0.001
|
1.40 (0.90, 2.80) a b c
|
1.59 (0.95, 3.35) a
|
1.58 (0.96, 3.39) b
|
1.74 (1.01, 3.94) c
|
<0.001
|
- Abbreviations: PAL physical activity level, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, HC hip circumference, WHR waist – to- hip ratio, FBG fasting blood glucose, TG triglyceride, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein
- Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and as percentage (number) for categorical variables. Independent sample t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and post-hoc pairwise comparisons are used where appropriate
- Two groups in a row with similar alphabets had a significant difference (P < 0.05)
