Internet gaming reasons | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entertainmentⓐ | Friendshipⓑ | Stress reliefⓒ | Habitual gamingⓓ | ||||
Variables | χ2/F | p | |||||
(n = 65) | (n = 77) | (n = 30) | (n = 53) | ||||
n (%) / M ± SD | n (%) M ± SD | n (%) M ± SD | n (%) M ± SD | ||||
Age (years) | 16.60 ± 1.04 | 16.71 ± 1.04 | 16.50 ± 082 | 16.58 ± 1.12 | 0.377 | .770 | |
Smoking cigarettes | No (n = 167) | 47 (28.1) | 62 (37.1) | 24 (14.4) | 34 (20.4) | 5.054 | .168 |
Yes (n = 58) | 18 (31.0) | 15 (25.9) | 6 (10.3) | 19 (32.8) | |||
Drinking alcohol | No (n = 169) | 53 (31.4) | 60 (35.5) | 22 (13.0) | 34 (20.1) | 5.218 | .156 |
Yes (n = 56) | 12 (21.4) | 17 (30.4) | 8 (14.3) | 19 (33.9) | |||
Sleep time (hours per day) | ≤ 6 (n = 147) | 43 (29.3) | 45 (30.6) | 25 (17.0) | 34 (23.1) | 5.958 | .114 |
> 6 (n = 78) | 22 (28.2) | 32 (41.0) | 5 (6.4) | 19 (24.4) | |||
Internet gaming time (minutes per day) | 162.92 ± 129.79 | 161.17 ± 123.26 | 139.67 ± 76.36 | 233.21 ± 150.66 | 4.958 | .002† ⓓ > ⓐⓑⓒ | |
Duration of internet gaming (years) | 7.48 ± 2.56 | 7.14 ± 2.54 | 6.93 ± 2.21 | 7.38 ± 2.21 | 0.454 | .715 | |
IGA score | 31.88 ± 11.17 | 36.21 ± 10.82 | 38.57 ± 13.29 | 42.85 ± 11.90 | 9.120 | <.001† ⓓ > ⓐⓑ | |
NE (pg/ml) | 416.29 ± 280.69 | 391.78 ± 243.53 | 348.53 ± 195.26 | 297.02 ± 157.66 | 2.909 | .035† ⓓ < ⓐ | |
Cortisol (μg/dl) | 2.24 ± 0.42 | 2.24 ± 0.41 | 2.36 ± 0.49 | 2.25 ± 0.49 | 0.606 | .612 |