Incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative delirium following primary elective total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database study

Table 4 Risk Factors for Postoperative Delirium (2009–2014)

Variable	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P
Age ≥ 61 yr	4.27	3.76–4.86	< 0.001
Female	0.88	0.82–0.95	< 0.001
Alcohol abuse	1.85	1.51–2.27	< 0.001
Deficiency anemia	1.32	1.21–1.45	< 0.001
Chronic blood loss anemia	1.43	1.15–1.79	0.002
Congestive heart failure	1.62	1.42–1.86	< 0.001
Coagulopathy	1.43	1.22–1.67	< 0.001
Depression	1.39	1.26–1.53	< 0.001
Diabetes, uncomplicated	1.27	1.15–1.39	< 0.001
Diabetes with chronic complications	1.55	1.25–1.92	< 0.001
Drug abuse	2.53	1.90–3.36	< 0.001
Hypertension	1.23	1.13–1.34	< 0.001
Lymphoma	1.58	1.04–2.41	0.03
Fluid and electrolyte disorders	2.58	2.37–2.81	< 0.001
Metastatic cancer	1.94	1.27–2.96	0.002
Other neurological disorders	9.43	8.69–10.24	< 0.001
Obesity	0.72	0.64–0.81	< 0.001
Peripheral vascular disorders	1.33	1.14–1.55	< 0.001
Psychoses	1.82	1.52–2.17	< 0.001
Pulmonary circulation disorders	1.61	1.30–2.00	< 0.001
Renal failure	1.40	1.24–1.58	< 0.001
Valvular disease	1.40	1.22–1.60	< 0.001
Weight loss	1.76	1.41–2.20	< 0.001

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