Disrupted brain network dynamics and cognitive functions in methamphetamine use disorder: insights from EEG microstates

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants

	MA patients (n = 55)	HC (n = 27)	t value/χ²	df	p
Male gender	67.3%	66.7%	0.00		0.96
Mean age (SD)	29.56 ± 4.90	30.24 ± 6.55	−0.53	80	0.59
Education years	8.81 ± 2.43	9.48 ± 2.34	−1.19	80	0.24
Drug use history
Alcohol co-use^a	52.7%	52.4%	0.01		0.94
Accumulated years of MA use (SD)	5.00 ± 3.47	–
MA use frequency
Every day	32.7%	–
3–5 days per week	56.4%	–
1 day per week	10.9%	–
1 day per month	0	–
MA use disorderc
mild	0	–
moderate	16.4%	–
severe	83.6%	–
MA use dose (SD), gram	0.68 ± 0.48	–
Stroop task
Reaction time of MA word	755.86 ± 79.62	738.22 ± 113.17	0.82	80	0.42
Reaction time of neutral word	747.76 ± 80.44	740.73 ± 113.75	0.32	80	0.75
Error rate of MA word	0.08 ± 0.08	0.03 ± 0.02	3.19	80	0.00**
Error rate of neutral word	0.07 ± 0.08	0.03 ± 0.03	2.51	80	0.01*
Cogstate Battery
TWOB (accuracy rate)	1.01 ± 0.22	1.03 ± 0.22	−0.38	80	0.70
GML (total error)	60.84 ± 19.10	47.81 ± 28.01	2.48	80	0.02*
ISL (total correct)	20.56 ± 5.23	23.10 ± 5.87	−2.00	80	0.05
SEC (accuracy rate)	0.92 ± 0.21	0.98 ± 0.24	−1.16	80	0.25
CPAL (total error)	92.08 ± 51.10	52.86 ± 49.84	3.29	80	0.00**

^aUse alcohol in the past 30 days before recruited
^bUse tobacco in the past 30 days before recruited
^cSeverity was diagnosed through DSM-5
Abbreviations: MA, methamphetamine; HC, healthy controls; SD, standard deviation
^*p<0.05; ^**p<0.01

ISSN: 1471-244X