Table 3 Associations of parental rearing behavior with depressiveness stratified for parental control & overprotection, rejection & punishment and emotional warmth as independent variables using linear regressions

Parental Control (C) & Overprotection (OP)

b

t

p

R²=.09; F(17,6043)=33.8; p< .0001

Age

-.43

-9.65

< .0001

Gender (women)

.86

9.60

< .0001

SES

-.08

-7.82

< .0001

Partnership (yes)

-.64

-4.76

< .0001

Eastern Europe

1.1

2.63

.01

Arabic-Islamic countries

.80

1.23

.22

Former Soviet Union

1.9

2.94

.003

Not Speaking German at home (yes)

.70

1.70

.09

Maternal Control & Overprotection

.78

7.13

< .0001

Paternal Control & Overprotection

.42

3.38

.001

Maternal C&OP in Eastern Europe

.28

.45

.65

Maternal C&OP in Arabic-Islamic countries

2.4

3.19

.001

Maternal C&OP in Former Soviet Union

.96

1.07

.29

Paternal C&OP in Eastern Europe

-.73

-1.11

.27

Paternal C&OP in Arabic-Islamic countries

-1.4

-1.90

.06

Paternal C&OP in Former Soviet Union

-3.1

-2.63

.01

Parental Rejection (R) & Punishment (P)

b

t

p

R²=.09; F(17,6109)=37.0; p< .0001

Age

-.45

-10.3

< .0001

Gender (women)

.91

10.20

< .0001

SES

-.06

-6.33

< .0001

Partnership (yes)

-.76

-5.70

< .0001

Eastern Europe

1.2

3.30

.001

Arabic-Islamic countries

1.1

2.26

.02

Former Soviet Union

1.3

2.58

.01

Not Speaking German at home (yes)

.63

1.65

.10

Maternal Rejection & Punishment

.80

6.71

< .0001

Paternal Rejection & Punishment

.92

7.94

< .0001

Maternal R&P in Eastern Europe

.27

.45

.65

Maternal R&P in Arabic-Islamic countries

-1.0

-1.22

.22

Maternal R&P in Former Soviet Union

-.59

-.51

.60

Paternal R&P in Eastern Europe

-1.2

-2.04

.04

Paternal R&P in Arabic-Islamic countries

4.4

3.57

.0004

Paternal R&P in Former Soviet Union

.31

0.25

.80

Parental Emotional Warmth (EW)

b

t

p

R²=.07; F(17,5904)=27.1; p< .0001

Age

-.51

-11.2

< .0001

Gender (women)

.98

10.40

< .0001

SES

-.07

-6.93

< .0001

Partnership (yes)

-.72

-5.23

< .0001

Eastern Europe

.81

1.33

.18

Arabic-Islamic countries

1.1

1.34

.18

Former Soviet Union

1.1

1.18

.24

Not Speaking German at home (yes)

.99

2.41

.02

Maternal Emotional Warmth

-.30

-3.54

.0004

Paternal Emotional Warmth

-.37

-4.41

< .0001

Maternal EW in Eastern Europe

-.38

-.85

.40

Maternal EW in Arabic-Islamic countries

1.1

1.38

.17

Maternal EW in Former Soviet Union

-.89

-1.02

.31

Paternal EW in Eastern Europe

.65

1.49

.14

Paternal EW in Arabic-Islamic countries

-.73

-.88

.38

Paternal EW in Former Soviet Union

.90

1.06

.29