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Table 1 Description of study design and monitoring procedures

From: Distant mood monitoring for depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review

Authors

Study Design

Sample Characteristics (Population and Comparison)

Mood Monitoring Information (Intervention and Time)

Mood Disorder

Sample Size

Mean Age (Range; SD)

Monitoring

Feedback

Frequency

Total Length (weeks)

Start of monitoring

Faurholt-Jepsen, Vinberg et al., 2015a

RCT single blind

BD

Intervention: n = 3

Placebo-control group provided with mobile phone for daily use: n = 39

Intervention: 29.1 (NS; 7.5 years)

Control: 29.5 (NS; 9.4 years)

Smart phone application (MONARCA)

Contacted by nurse when necessary; graphic visualization

Daily

24

NS: Outpatient population

Lauritsen et al., 2017 [36]

Single arm observational

MDD

N = 45

35.9 (NS; 10.8 years)

Online (Daybuilder webpage)

Telephonic, weekly; graphic visualization

Twice, daily

4

NS

Martinez et al., 2018

Assessor-blind cluster RCT

MDD

Intervention: n = 65

EUC control: n = 78

Intervention: 15.2 (NS; 1.5 years

EUC control: 15.6 (NS; 1.7 years)

Telephonic

Telephonic

At weeks 1, 2, 3, 6, 9

12

NS

Piette et al., 2013 [37]

Observational

Depressive Disorder

N = 387

NSb (21–66+ years; NS)

IVR calling system

Clinical teams with actionable feedback and informal caregivers with feedback.

Week 1–6: Weekly with option to reduce to monthly if depression scores were mild enough. Can revert back to weekly at any time.

21–48 (median = 25)

NS

Ross et al., 2008 [38]

RCT

Minor Depression

Intervention: n = 130

TAU control: n = 93

Intervention: 59.8 (NS; 14.6 years)

Control: 58.5 (NS; 17.7 years)

Telephonic

Telephonic

Weekly

8

NS: Outpatient population

Van der Watt, Roos et al., 2018

Mixed-method

MDD and BD

Interviews: n = 37

Interviews: 35.76 (18–53; 10.8 years)

Telephonic

Telephonic

Weekly

26

1 week post-discharge

Van der Watt, Suryapranata et al., 2018

Longitudinal

MDD and BD

N = 61

35.3 (18–53; 10.2 years)

Telephonic

Telephonic

Weekly

26

1 week post-discharge

Yeung et al., 2012a [39]

Non-randomised controlled trial

MDD

Intervention: n = 503

Control: n = 412

Intervention: 46.6 (18–65+; 15.0 years)

Control: 45.3 (18–65+; 15.4 years)

Telephonic (COMET)

Telephonic

Intervention: Monthly

Control: At 3 and 6 months

24

Following diagnosis by physician

Zulueta et al., 2018b [34]

Observational

BD

N = 16

48.67 (NS; 9.63 years).

Telephonic

(BiAffect)

Telephonic

Weekly

8

NS

  1. AD Anxiety Disorder, BD Bipolar Disorder, COMET Clinical Outcomes in Measurement-based Treatment, EUC Enhanced Usual Care, IVR Interactive Voice Response, MDD Major Depressive Disorder, NS Not specified, RCT Randomized Controlled Trial, TAU Treatment As Usual
  2. aDemographic data only presented for participants who completed the study
  3. bThere were a broad range of ages, with 31% being 21 to 45 years old and 12% being 66 years or older