Table 3 Environmental socioeconomic data (ESED): Group differences between cases with voluntary and involuntary hospitalization as determined by independent Student’s t-tests. Purchasing power is given in Euro. All other variables are given in rates (number per 100 inhabitants). A negative T-value indicates a higher mean for involuntary vs. voluntary cases. Degrees of Freedom were adjusted for comparisons where there were statistical differences between the variances of the two groups. For significant findings, effect sizes (Cohen’s d) between the two groups were calculated

From: Identification of risk factors for involuntary psychiatric hospitalization: using environmental socioeconomic data and methods of machine learning to improve prediction