Table 1 Characteristics of the study population according to the severity of depressive symptoms

 Age

0.73

  50–59

180

(65.7)

38

(63.3)

218

(65.3)

  60–69

94

(34.3)

22

(36.7)

116

(34.7)

 Gender

0.05

  Male

109

(39.8)

32

(53.3)

141

(42.2)

  Female

165

(60.2)

28

(46.7)

193

(57.8)

 Education level

0.13

  No education

81

(29.6)

10

(16.7)

91

(27.2)

  Primary school

61

(22.3)

17

(28.3)

78

(23.4)

  Secondary school

100

(36.5)

28

(46.7)

128

(38.3)

  University & Tertiary Education

32

(11.6)

5

(8.3)

37

(11.1)

 Marital Status

0.36

  Married/Cohabitating

125

(45.6)

30

(50.0)

155

(46.4)

  Widowed

93

(34.0)

14

(23.3)

107

(32.0)

  Divorced

20

(7.3)

7

(11.7)

27

(8.1)

  Never married

36

(13.1)

9

(15.0)

45

(13.5)

 Employment status

0.08

  Currently employed

153

(55.8)

26

(43.3)

179

(53.6)

  Unemployed

70

(25.5)

22

(36.7)

92

(27.5)

  Retired

51

(18.6)

12

(20.0)

63

(18.9)

 Clinical disease stage at ART initiation

0.42

  A

86

(31.4)

14

(23.3)

100

(29.9)

  B

145

(52.9)

37

(61.7)

182

(54.5)

  C - AIDS

39

(14.2)

9

(15.0)

48

(14.4)

  Unknowm

4

(1.5)

.

.

4

(1.2)

 Duration of infection (months)

0.08

  [6–69[

75

(27.4)

8

(13.3)

83

(24.9)

  [69–108[

69

(25.2)

14

(23.3)

83

(24.9)

  [108–141[

65

(23.7)

16

(26.7)

81

(24.3)

   ≥ 141

65

(23.7)

22

(36.7)

87

(26.0)

 Nadir CD4

0.02

   > 200

106

(38.7)

14

(23.3)

120

(35.9)

   ≤ 200

158

(57.7)

45

(75.0)

203

(60.8)

  Missing

10

(3.6)

1

(1.7)

11

(3.3)

 Most recent CD4

0.38

   ≥ 500

141

(51.5)

27

(45.0)

168

(50.3)

   < 500

130

(47.4)

32

(53.3)

162

(48.5)

  Missing

3

(1.1)

1

(1.7)

4

(1.2)

 Detectable Viral load

27

(9.9)

16

(26.7)

< 0.001

43

(12.9)

  Missing

47

(17.2)

9

(15.0)

56

(16.8)

 Initial ART combinaison

0.11

  3TC + TDF + EFV

72

(26.3)

10

(16.7)

82

(24.6)

  Other

200

(73.0)

50

(83.3)

250

(74.9)

  Missing

2

(0.7)

.

.

2

(0.6)

 Actual ART combinaison

0.06

  3TC + TDF + EFV

151

(55.1)

25

(41.7)

176

(52.7)

  Other

123

(44.9)

35

(58.3)

158

(47.3)

 Adherence to ART (yes)

261

(95.3)

54

(90.0)

0.06†

315

(94.3)

 Hazardous drinkers

18

(6.6)

7

(11.7)

0.18

25

(7.5)

 Tobacco use (current/former)

39

(14.2)

18

(30.0)

0.004

57

(17.1)

 Drug consumption

4

(1.5)

2

(3.3)

0.30†

6

(1.8)

 Overweight/obesity

114

(41.6)

13

(21.7)

0.004

127

(38.0)

 Comorbidities

0.61

  None

119

(43.4)

23

(38.3)

142

(42.5)

  One

97

(35.4)

21

(35.0)

118

(35.3)

  More than one

58

(21.2)

16

(26.7)

74

(22.2)

 History of trauma (yes)

18

(6.6)

4

(6.7)

1.0

22

(6.6)

 History of neurological disease (yes)

37

(13.5)

11

(18.3)

0.33

48

(14.4)

Inclusion centers

0.31

 CePREF, Abidjan

93

(33.9)

15

(25.0)

108

(32.3)

 ITDD, Abidjan

140

(51.1)

37

(61.7)

177

(53.0)

 ITDD, Dakar

41

(15.0)

8

(13.3)

49

(14.7)