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Table 1 Demographic data

From: Psychotically driven aggression is associated with greater mentalizing challenges in psychotic spectrum disorders

 

Psychotically driven aggression n = 49 (range or percentage)

Other aggression n = 31 (range or percentage)

Community controls n = 81 (range or percentage)

Sex – males

38 males (77.6)

24 males (77)

60 (74.1)

Age

36.85 ± 11.3 (20–61)

34.6 ± 9.8 (20–57)

37.9 ± 11.5 (21–59)

Education completed

 - primary school

24 (32.6)

20 (64.5)

5 (6.2)

 - secondary school

19 (38.7)

9 (29.0)

41 (50.6)

 - vocational or university training

8 (16.3)

2 (6.5)

35 (43.2)†

Swedish Schooling before age 15

38 (77.5)

25 (80)

30 (93.7) a

History of Substance Abuse

 -none

9 (24.5)

7 (22)

28 (87.5)a

 - cannabis

12 (24.8)

2 (6.4)

1 (3.1)a

 - opiates

2 (4.0)

0

 0

 - stimulants

0

1 (3.2)

 0

 - alcohol

6 (12.2)

2 (6.4)

 0

 - polysubstance abuse

19 (38.8)

19 (61.3) *

3 (9.4) a ††

Diagnosis

 

 - Schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder

42 (85.7)

22 (71)

 - Bipolar disorder - psychotic

2 (4.1)

4 (12.9)

 - Delusional disorder and other psychotic disorders (not drug induced)

5 (10.2)

5 (16.1)

Duration of Illness (years)

10.1 ± 7.6 (1–31)

8.9 ± 7.0 (0.5–31)

 

WAIS

 - information

8.1 ± 3.3 (3–14)

9.0 ± 3.5 (3–15)

10.0 ± 2.36 (6–15) a, #

 - matrix reasoning

7.3 ± 3.2 (2–16)

7.9 ± 3.6 (3–14)

10.6 ± 2.83 (3–16) a, ##

Earlier autism spectrum disorder

5 (10.2)

7 (22.6)

0 a

Antipsychotics

 - typical

20 (40.8)

13 (54.1)

0 a

 - atypical

10 (20.4)

9 (37.5)

 

 - clozapine and depot injection

4 (8.2)

1 (4.2)

 - combinations of typical and atypical

15 (30.6)

1 (4.2) *

Antidepressants

6 (12.2)

6 (25)

0 a

Mood stabilizers

 - lithium

1 (2.0)

2 (8.3)

 - others

8 (16.3)

3 (12.5)

Haloperidol equivalent dose (mg/day)b

15 (0–70)

6.5 (2–25) **

0 a

SANS

24.0 ± 11.3 (2–50)

25.4 ± 16.1 (4–60)

3.37 ± 5.16 (019) a

SAPS b

3 (0–36)

3.0 (0–53)

0 (0–11) a

Type of aggressive acts

 

 - threats

11 (22.4)

3 (9.7)

 - assaults

22 (44.9)

20 (64.5)

 - assault with weapons

14 (28.6)

7 (22.6)

 - manslaughter/murder

2 (4.1)

1 (3.2)

Number of assaults/threats

 none known

0

0

0 a

 1–2

12 (24.5)

4 (12.9)

 3–5

14 (28.6)

10 (32.3)

 

 6–9

12 (24.5)

7 (22.6)

  > 10

11 (22.4)

10 (32.2)

  1. a Based on the 32 controls that have data on these variables. b Median. † education χ2 = 50.23, p < 0.00001, †† substance use none, THC, polysubstance use χ2 = 43.56, p < 0.00001, # T-test PDA vs healthy controls − 2.83 df 76, p = 0.006, ## T-test PDA vs healthy controls − 4.72, df 76, p < 0.0001, T-test non PDA vs healthy controls =3.28, df 58, p < 0.002 * χ2 = 7.96, p = 0.047, ** MW-U test, Z-3.58, p = 0.00034