A tool to evaluate proportionality and necessity in the use of restrictive practices in forensic mental health settings: the DRILL tool (Dundrum restriction, intrusion and liberty ladders)

Table 7 General Estimating Equations Model 1: DASA previous day as independent, DRILL-Behaviour as dependent, HCR-20-Current scale (HCR-20-C) and DUNDRUM-1 (D-1) as co-variants

model	independent	Co-variant	dependent	n	n	QICC	Parameter	Wald X²	df	p
1.0	DASA previous day	–	DRILL-B	2166	28	2368.7	DASA previous day	146.7	8	0.000
1.1	“		“	“	“	2354.3	DASA previous day	211.1	8	0.000
1.1		D-1					D-1	0.656	1	0.416
1.2	DASA previous day		DRILL-B	2103	25	2341.7	DASA previous day	121.5	8	0.000
1.2		HCR-20-C					HCR-20-C	0.304	1	0.582
1.3	DASA previous day		DRILL-B	2103	25	2321.5	DASA previous day	237.6	8	0.000
		D-1	DRILL-B				D-1	0.797	1	0.378
		HCR-20-C					HCR-20-C	0.011	1	0.915

ISSN: 1471-244X