Urinary incontinence associated with anxiety and depression: the impact of psychotropic drugs in a cross-sectional study from the Norwegian HUNT study

Table 4 Prevalence of and odds ratio for urinary incontinence (UI) for women with and without anxiety and depression, and women with anxiety and depression using anxiolytics or antidepressants compared to the women with anxiety and depression not using anxiolytics or antidepressants. P-values by chi-quadrat test

	n	%	P	Unadjusted OR	Adjusted^a OR
Anxiety (n = 21,511)			< 0.001
HADS-A < 8	4922	27.6		1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
HADS-A 8–10.9	827	34.6		1.39 (1.27–1.52)	1.42 (1.29–1.56)
HADS-A ≥ 11	498	37.8		1.59 (1.42–1.79)	1.59 (1.40–1.81)
HADS-A ≥ 8 (n = 3705)
Without use of antidepressant	1008	34.4	0.001	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
With use of antidepressant	317	40.9	0.001	1.32 (1.12–1.55)	1.11 (0.93–1.34)
Without use of anxiolytic	1138	35.9	0.72	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
With use of anxiolytic	187	35.1	0.72	0.97 (0.80–1.17)	0.80 (0.64–0.99)
Depression (n = 21,545)	21,545		< 0.001
HADS-D < 8	5504	28.0		1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
HADS-D 8–10.9	562	39.3		1.66 (1.49–1.86)	1.52 (1.35–1.72)
HADS-D ≥ 11	195	43.7		2.00 (1.65–2.42)	1.79 (1.46–2.21)
HAD-D ≥ 8 (n = 1877)
Without use of antidepressant	556	39.2	0.08	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
With use of antidepressant	201	43.8	0.08	1.21 (0.98–1.50)	1.08 (0.85–1.37)
Without use of anxiolytic	648	40.5	0.76	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
With use of anxiolytic	109	39.5	0.76	0.96 (0.74–1.25)	0.85 (0.63–1.14)

^aAdjusted for age, BMI and parity, diabetes, asthma, myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke. Use of drugs is defined as dispensed prescription during the last 6 months

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