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Table 4 Weighted associations between physical (versus no physical) and psychological (versus no psychological) abuse and conduct problems trajectory membership

From: Associations between developmental timing of child abuse and conduct problem trajectories in a UK birth cohort

 

Timing of abuse subtypes

Childhood-only

Adolescence-only

‘Persistent’

 

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Physical abuse (N = 3275)

 Lowa

  CL

0.93

0.21–4.14

N/A

N/A

1.73

0.57–5.20

  AO

4.50

1.63–12.43

3.86

1.43–10.38

7.76

3.20–18.82

  EOP

4.99

1.91–13.03

6.00

2.29–15.74

7.60

3.24–17.82

 CLa

  AO

4.85

0.63–37.24

N/A

N/A

4.49

0.97–20.73

  EOP

5.37

0.93–31.10

N/A

N/A

4.39

1.04–18.59

 AOa

  EOP

1.11

0.29–4.27

1.56

0.37–6.46

0.98

0.30–3.17

Psychological abuse (N = 3295)

 Lowa

  CL

1.52

0.28–8.22

1.58

0.32–7.79

0.80

0.11–5.66

  AO

4.16

0.87–19.85

4.96

1.59–15.45

5.48

2.43–12.33

  EOP

10.48

4.04–27.15

10.83

3.45–34.01

11.22

4.97–25.36

 CLa

  AO

2.74

0.18–42.32

3.14

0.39–25.09

6.84

0.72–64.79

  EOP

6.90

1.06–44.78

6.86

0.83–56.99

N/A

N/A

 AOa

  EOP

2.52

0.44–14.29

2.18

0.47–10.15

2.05

0.70–6.02

  1. Note. Inverse probability weighting was used to allocate sampling weights to complete cases. N/A = Not available due to fixed parameters. All pairwise comparisons are adjusted for child sex, housing tenure, maternal severe depression, maternal smoking, and maternal educational level. Bold values indicate statistically significant associations. a Reference group. Key: Childhood-only Before age 11 years, Adolescence-only Between ages 11–17 years, ‘Persistent’ Before age 11 years AND between ages 11–17 years, AO Adolescence-onset, CL Childhood-limited, EOP Early-onset persistent, OR Multinomial odds ratio