The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of the risk factors for depressive symptoms of nurses before and after PSM during the COVID-19 outbreak

Variables	PSM before		PSM after
Variables	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p
Sleep quality (PSQI scores)	1.491 (1.354, 1.640)	< 0.001	1.608 (1.384, 1.896)	< 0.001
Have siblings (no vs. yes)	1.743 (1.164, 2.610)	0.007	1.314 (0.558, 3.093)	0.531
Visiting friend constantly (yes vs. no)	0.601 (0.401, 0.903)	0.014	0.513 (0.286, 0.920)	0.025
PsyCap-hope (scores)	0.899 (0.850, 0.952)	< 0.001	0.988 (0.887, 1.099)	0.819
PsyCap-optimism (scores)	0.908 (0.853, 0.966)	0.002	0.879 (0.805, 0.960)	0.004

The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were analyzed by multivariate paired logistic regression
Abbreviations: COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, PSM propensity score matching, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PSQI Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PsyCap Psychological Capital

ISSN: 1471-244X