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Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants (n = 456) stratified by residence status

From: Mental health of undocumented migrants and migrants undergoing regularization in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study

 

Total (N = 456)

Undocumented (N = 246)

Regularized (N = 210)

P-value*

n (%) or median (IQR)

n (%) or median (IQR)

n (%) or median (IQR)

 

Women

328 (71.9%)

175 (71.1%)

153 (72.9%)

0.762

Origin

   

0.088

 Latin America

290 (63.6%)

150 (61.0%)

140 (66.7%)

 

 Asia

92 (20.2%)

55 (22.4%)

37 (17.6%)

 

 Non EU/EFTA Europe

39 (8.6%)

17 (6.9%)

22 (10.5%)

 

 Africa

35 (7.7%)

24 (9.8%)

11 (5.2%)

 

Age (years)

43.3 (15.5)

42.2 (14.7)

44.2 (16.7)

0.008

University or tertiary education

104 (22.8%)

59 (24.1%)

45 (21.5%)

0.507

Years in Geneva

12 (7)

10 (7)

13 (5)

< 0.001

Migration mainly for economic purpose

279 (61.1%)

155 (62.8%)

124 (58.9%)

0.122

Visited home country since in Switzerland

238 (52.2%)

108 (43.9%)

130 (61.9%)

< 0.001

Accommodation crowding index

1.50 (1)

2 (1.5)

1.25 (1)

< 0.001

Social network (n >  3)

219 (48%)

103 (41.9%)

116 (55.2%)

0.006

Social isolation (very or rather)

131 (28.7%)

95 (38.6%)

36 (17.1%)

< 0.001

Abuse

103 (22.6%)

57 (23.2%)

46 (21.9%)

0.834

Discrimination

147 (32.2%)

93 (37.8%)

54 (25.7%)

0.008

Inability to pay CHF 1500

301 (66.0%)

192 (78.0%)

109 (51.9%)

< 0.001

Remittance to home country

297 (65.1%)

159 (64.8%)

138 (65.9%)

0.789

Working hours per week

32 (24)

25 (29.5)

36.5 (18.8)

< 0.001

Health insurance

137 (30.0%)

32 (13.0%)

105 (50.0%)

< 0.001

Multi-morbidity

80 (17.5%)

52 (21.1%)

28 (13.3%)

0.039

Altered mental health

261 (57.2%)

164 (66.7%)

97 (46.2%)

< 0.001

  1. * p-value concerns differences between regularized and undocumented migrants