COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep: the roles of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak

Table 4 The results from mediation analysis using a bootstrapping method for general sleep status

Dependent variable	Independent Variable#	Beta coefficient	SE	t	p	R2	p
IU	Constant	19.434	2.54	7.64	< 0.001**	0.26	< 0.001**
IU	Uncertainty about COVID-19	0.642	0.02	27.48
Perceived stress	Constant	24.991	2.07	12.09	< 0.001**	0.31	< 0.001**
	IU	0.397	0.02	23.25	< 0.001**
	Uncertainty about COVID-19	0.125	0.02	5.75	< 0.001**
General sleep status	Constant	3.723	0.95	3.92	< 0.001**	0.14	< 0.001**
	Perceived stress	0.119	0.01	12.57	< 0.001**
	IU	0.014	0.01	1.61	0.11
	Uncertainty about COVID-19	0.013	0.01	1.33	0.19

# All models were adjusted for infection, quarantine status, and demographic characteristics, such as age, ethnicity, residence, marriage. Bootstrapping = 5000; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01

ISSN: 1471-244X