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Table 8 Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of Insomnia Severity Scores during the COVID19 Pandemic

From: Mental health and its association with coping strategies and intolerance of uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic among the general population in Saudi Arabia: cross-sectional study

 

n (%)

B (95% CI)

Standardized Beta

t-value

p-value

(Constant)

 

2.053 (0.413 to 3.693)

 

2.455

0.014

Gender = Female

1953 (64.40)

0.180 (− 0.199 to 0.560)

.014

.930

0.352

Age (years)

 

−0.069 (− 0.086 to − 0.052)

−0.129

−7.983

< 0.001

Occupation

 

0.111 (−0.020 to 0.242)

0.025

1.665

0.096

Had contact with a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case = Yes/Unsure

967 (31.89)

0.235 (−0.106 to 0.576)

0.020

1.349

0.177

History of chronic medical illness = Yes

669 (22.06)

0.580 (0.141 to 1.020)

0.039

2.592

0.010

History of depressive disorders = Yes

317 (10.46)

0.876 (0.266 to 1.487)

0.043

2.816

0.005

History of sleep disorders = Yes

95 (3.13)

4.621 (3.598 to 5.644)

0.130

8.857

< 0.001

Believes a person have COVID-19 without having had contact with someone carrying the virus = yes

1268 (41.82)

0.255 (− 0.100 to 0.611)

0.020

1.408

0.159

Believes shortness of breath is a symptom of COVID-19 = yes

2920 (96.30)

0.759 (−0.198 to 1.716)

0.023

1.554

0.120

Believes not touching one’s face prevents COVID-19 = Yes

2621 (86.44)

0.657 (0.105 to 1.209)

0.036

2.332

0.020

Believes using tissues when sneezing prevents COVID19 = Yes

2594 (85.55)

−0.660 (− 1.197 to − 0.123)

−0.037

−2.409

0.016

DASS-21 Anxiety Subscale Score

 

0.146 (0.104 to 0.188)

0.142

6.782

< 0.001

DASS-21 Depression Subscale Score

 

0.183 (0.150 to 0.215)

0.243

10.868

< 0.001

Intolerance of Uncertainty scores (IUS)

 

0.087 (0.066 to 0.109)

0.148

7.996

< 0.001

Problem-based coping composite score (Brief COPE)

 

−0.098 (−0.253 to 0.056)

− 0.021

−1.248

0.212

Emotion-based coping composite score (Brief COPE)

 

0.704 (0.445 to 0.963)

0.102

5.335

< 0.001

  1. Dependent Variable: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) Scores, Model statistical significance: F (16, 3014) = 119.70, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.623, R2Adjusted = 0. 385