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Table 2 Overview of outcome scales and sub-syndromes included in analyses

From: The effects of bright light treatment on affective symptoms in people with dementia: a 24-week cluster randomized controlled trial

CSDD total

Mood-related signs, behavioral disturbance, cyclic functions (see descriptions below), physical signs (loss of appetite, weight loss, and loss of energy), and ideational disturbance (suicidal ideation, low self-esteem, pessimism, and mood-congruent delusions).

CSDD Mood-related signs

Anxiety, sadness, lack of reactivity to pleasant events, and irritability.

CSDD Behavioral disturbance

Agitation, psychomotor retardation, multiple physical complaints, and loss of interest.

CSDD Cyclic functions

Diurnal variation (mood worse in the morning), difficulty falling asleep, multiple nocturnal awakenings, and early-morning awakening.

NPI-NH total

Delusions, hallucinations, dysphoria, anxiety, agitation/aggression, euphoria, disinhibition, irritability/lability, apathy, aberrant motor activity, sleep and night-time behavior, and appetite and eating.

NPI-NH Agitation

Agitation/aggression, disinhibition and irritability.

NPI-NH Affective symptoms

Depression and anxiety.

NPI-NH Psychosis

Delusions and hallucination.

  1. CSDD The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, NPI-NH The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Nursing Home Version