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Table 2 Prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, alcohol use and non-suicidal self-harm across four lifestyle trajectory groups in the longitudinal lifestyle data on 1974 children

From: Joint trajectories of life style indicators and their links to psychopathological outcomes in the adolescence

Outcomes

Participants

Prevalence

n (%)

Lifestyle Multi-trajectories a [N (%)]

Healthy

Suboptimal Healthy

Unhealthy Mitigation

Unhealthy Persistent

General

1974

 

787 (39.9)

499 (25.3)

339 (17.2)

349 (17.7)

Low maternal education b

1974

 

156 (19.5)

95 (21.6)

93 (27.9) §

119 (29.7) §

Low household income c

1974

 

26 (3.4)

11 (3.5)

17 (4.1)

22 (5.6)

More than 1 ACE

  

206 (28.8)

130 (32.8)

115 (39.4) ‡

148 (41.3) §

Warm parenting score (0–15)

  

11.3 ± 3.7

11.3 ± 3.8

10.5 ± 4.1 ‡

10.1 ± 4.3 §

Depressive symptoms

 Baseline

1974

75 (3.8)

20 (2.5)

7 (1.6)

21 (6.3) †

27 (6.7) †

 Wave 2

1893

116 (6.1)

29 (3.8)

13 (3.1)

17 (5.4)

57 (14.5) §

 Wave 3

1846

184 (10.0)

53 (7.0)

21 (5.1)

38 (12.5) †

72 (19.4) §

 Wave 4

1761

230 (13.1)

67 (9.3)

32 (8.1)

55 (18.8) §

86 (21.3) §

Suicide ideation

1762

191 (10.8)

50 (7.1)

39 (8.6)

41 (13.8) §

61 (19.9) §

Alcohol use

1760

105 (6.0)

25 (3.5)

25 (5.5)

19 (6.4) †

36 (11.8) §

Non-suicidal self-harm

1763

403 (22.9)

138 (19.5)

103 (22.7)

68 (22.8)

94 (30.7) ‡

Missing

 Wave 2

1749

25 (1.3)

12 (1.5)

7 (1.4)

4 (1.2)

2 (0.6)

 Wave 3

1899

75 (4.0)

31 (4.1)

7 (1.2)

21 (6.2)

16 (4.6)

 Wave 4

1795

179 (9.1)

73 (9.3)

30 (6.0)

37 (10.9)

39 (11.2)

  1. aCompared with healthy lifestyle persistent group, † P < 0.05; ‡ P < 0.01; § P < 0.001
  2. bEqual or lower than junior middle school;
  3. cHousehold income equal or lower than 2000 yuan per month