Table 4 Differences in developmental quotient in ASD children with and without common sleep problems
From: Sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder: a multicenter survey
Item | Bedtime Resistance,Mean ± SD/ Median (IQR) | Z/t | P | Sleep Anxiety, Mean ± SD/ Median (IQR) | Z/t | P | Sleep Onset Delay,Mean ± SD/ Median (IQR) | Z/t | P | Daytime sleepiness, Mean ± SD/ Median (IQR) | Z/t | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | |||||||||
CNBS-R2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross motor | 78.42 ± 21.47 | 78.28 ± 21.05 | 0.081 | 0.935 | 79 (64–92) | 79.5 (64–93) | −0.512 | 0.609 | 78 (63–91.75) | 81 (69.25–93) | − 1.452 | 0.146 | 78 (64–91) | 81.5 (64.75–94) | − 1.549 | 0.121 |
Fine motor | 59 (46–73) | 59 (47–74) | 0.000 | 1.000 | 59 (46–73) | 59 (48.75–74.25) | −0.799 | 0.424 | 59 (46–74) | 59 (49–73) | −0.233 | 0.816 | 59 (46–74) | 60 (46.75–72.25) | −0.211 | 0.833 |
Adaptive behavior | 62 (49–76) | 63 (47–75) | −0.329 | 0.742 | 63 (48–76) | 62 (48.75–76) | −0.025 | 0.980 | 62 (48–76) | 65 (50–75.75) | −1.056 | 0.291 | 62 (48–75) | 65 (49.75–81.25) | −1.657 | 0.098 |
Language | 49 (34–72) | 48 (32–72) | −1.022 | 0.307 | 48.5 (33–72) | 50 (35–72) | − 0.365 | 0.715 | 49 (33–73) | 47 (35–63) | −1.114 | 0.265 | 48.5 (33–71) | 51 (35.75–74) | −0.978 | 0.328 |
Personal-social | 54 (42–68) | 52 (41–66) | −1.372 | 0.170 | 53 (42–68) | 54 (43–65) | −0.487 | 0.627 | 54 (42–68) | 51 (43–67) | −0.778 | 0.437 | 53 (41.75–68) | 54 (44–70.25) | −1.056 | 0.291 |
GQ | 61 (50–75) | 61 (50–72) | −0.609 | 0.542 | 61 (50–74.25) | 61.5 (51–72.25) | −0.235 | 0.814 | 61 (50–74.75) | 61 (51–72.75) | −0.101 | 0.919 | 61 (50–74) | 63.5 (52–78) | −1.403 | 0.16 |