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Table 4 Linear regression analysis with YSR Total Problems T-score at 3-year follow up as dependent variable and treatment procedures as covariates one at a time, adjusted for age and SES, differentiated by psychiatric disorders

From: Association of treatment procedures and resilience to symptom load three-years later in a clinical sample of adolescent psychiatric patients

    

YSR Total Problems T-score at T2

Psychiatric disorders T1a

  

Treatment procedures

Adjusted for age T1 and SES

 

n

(%)

 

n

%

β

95% CI

p-value

Total sample

 Any psychiatric disorder

447

 

Psychotherapyb

299/424

(70.5)

0.5

0.3 to 0.7

< 0.001

   

Medicationc

236/445

(53.0)

−1.7

−7.4 to 4.0

0.566

 Anxiety disorders

151/447

(33.8)

Psychotherapy

95/150

(63.3)

0.5

0.1 to 0.8

0.007

   

Medication

56/150

(37.3)

9.0

−0.6 to 18.7

0.067

 Mood disorders

107/447

(23.9)

Psychotherapy

60/106

(56.6)

0.3

−0.1 to 0.8

0.169

   

Medication

52/106

(49.1)

−2.1

−16.6 to 12.4

0.773

 ADHD

207/447

(46.3)

Psychotherapy

146/207

(70.5)

0.7

0.4 to 1.0

< 0.001

   

Medication

168/207

(81.2)

−5.7

− 16.1 to 4.6

0.275

 Other psychiatric disorder

99/447

(22.1)

Psychotherapy

72/99

(72.7)

0.6

0.1 to 1.0

0.011

   

Medication

46/99

(46.5)

−6.9

−20.5 to 6.7

0.313

Girls

 Any psychiatric disorder

254

 

Psychotherapy

165/242

(68.2)

0.4

0.2 to 0.7

0.002

   

Medication

114/253

(45.1)

−1.7

−10.0 to 6.6

0.692

 Anxiety disorders

103/254

(40.6)

Psychotherapy

59/102

(57.8)

0.6

0.2 to 1.0

0.007

   

Medication

36/102

(35.3)

7.4

−5.6 to 20.3

0.260

 Mood disorders

88/254

(34.7)

Psychotherapy

51/88

(58.0)

0.2

−0.3 to −0.7

0.414

   

Medication

44/88

(50.0)

0.4

−14.7 to 15.4

0.960

 ADHD

87/254

(34.3)

Psychotherapy

62/87

(71.3)

0.7

0.3 to 1.2

0.002

   

Medication

66/87

(75.9)

−9.6

−25.4 to 6.1

0.226

 Other psychiatric disorder

49/254

(19.3)

Psychotherapy

36/49

(73.5)

0.5

−0.1 to 1.0

0.103

   

Medication

16/49

(32.7)

12.0

−11.3 to 35.3

0.304

Boys

 Any psychiatric disorder

193

 

Psychotherapy

134/182

(73.6)

−0.1

−0.4 to 0.3

0.780

   

Medication

122/192

(63.5)

7.4

0.7 to 14.2

0.032

 Anxiety disorders

48/193

(24.9)

Psychotherapy

36/48

(75.0)

−0.2

−0.9 to 0.4

0.451

   

Medication

20/48

(41.7)

12.9

−0.5 to 26.3

0.059

 Mood disorders

19/193

(9.8)

Psychotherapy

9/18

(50.0)

−0.9

−3.2 to 0.4

0.141

   

Medication

8/18

(44.4)

−9.8

−34.0 to 14.5

0.347

 ADHD

120/193

(62.2)

Psychotherapy

84/120

(70.0)

0.0

−0.5 to 0.6

0.972

   

Medication

102/120

(85.0)

5.7

−7.3 to 18.7

0.385

 Other psychiatric disorder

50/193

(25.9)

Psychotherapy

36/50

(72.0)

−0.1

−0.9 to 0.6

0.767

   

Medication

30/50

(60.0)

−0.9

−16.7 to 15.0

0.913

  1. Note: Symptom load is measured by using Youth Self Report (YSR, Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment), Total Problem T-score, SES = Socioeconomic Status measured by level of mothers’ education (1 = lowest level of education, 9 = highest level of education), β = Regression Coefficient, CI = Confidence Interval
  2. a Psychiatric disorders include both primary and additional diagnoses
  3. b Psychotherapy by number of sessions: 1 session as the measurement unit
  4. c Medication includes medication for psychiatric disorders; according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes Yes/No
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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