Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate generalized linear regression of the effect of depressive symptoms on average pain severitya (n = 288)
| Â | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | β (95% CI) | p - value | β (95% CI) | p - value |
Depressive symptomsa (Moderate-Severe vs. Mild-None) | 0.36 (− 0.24–0.95) | 0.245 | 0.22 (− 0.38–0.82) | 0.479 |
PTSDb (Yes vs. No) | 0.01 (− 0.52–0.55) | 0.959 |  |  |
Anxietya (Moderate-Severe vs. Mild-None) | 0.41 (− 0.15–0.98) | 0.155 |  |  |
Age (≥ Median vs. < Median) | − 0.30 (− 0.83–0.22) | 0.258 |  |  |
Sex (Male vs. Female) | − 0.72 (− 1.27 - -0.17) | 0.010 | − 0.67 (− 1.22 - -0.12) | 0.019 |
Race (White vs. BIPOC or other) | − 0.49 (− 1.01–0.04) | 0.071 |  |  |
Highest education completed (≥ vs. < High school) | − 0.35 (− 0.88–0.17) | 0.188 |  |  |
Homelessc (Yes vs. No) | 0.59 (− 0.19–1.37) | 0.138 |  |  |
Incarceratedc (Yes vs. No) | 0.16 (−1.16–1.48) | 0.809 |  |  |
≥ Daily heroin usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.46 (− 0.18–1.10) | 0.158 |  |  |
≥ Daily stimulant usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.54 (0.01–1.07) | 0.048 | 0.45 (− 0.09–0.99) | 0.107 |
≥ Daily non-medical prescription opioid usec (Yes vs. No) | 1.29 (− 0.41–3.00) | 0.138 |  |  |
≥ Daily cannabis usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.17 (− 0.44–0.78) | 0.582 |  |  |
Heavy alcohol usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.16 (− 0.63–0.94) | 0.698 |  |  |
Overdosec (Yes vs. No) | 0.36 (− 0.39–1.11) | 0.350 |  |  |
Binge drug usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.29 (−0.27–0.86) | 0.310 |  |  |
Injection drug usec (Yes vs. No) | 0.20 (−0.34–0.75) | 0.461 |  |  |
Inability to access addiction treatmentc (Yes vs. No) | 0.56 (−1.15–2.28) | 0.520 |  |  |
Barriers to accessing healthcarec (Yes vs. No) | 0.47 (−0.22–1.16) | 0.183 |  |  |
Currently on pain medication (Yes vs. No) | 0.40 (−0.13–0.92) | 0.141 |  |  |
Cohort (VIDUS vs. ACCESS) | 0.02 (−0.51–0.55) | 0.936 |  |  |