Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Coef. (95% CI) | P- value | Coef. (95% CI) | P-value | Coef. (95% CI) | p-value | Coef. (95% CI) | P-value | Coef. (95% CI) | p-value |
Social isolation group | ||||||||||
 Never socially isolated group | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
 Intermittently socially isolated group | −3.53 (−7.68, .62) | 0.10 | −1.75 (−5.80, 2.30) | 0.40 | −0.64 (− 4.77, 3.48) | 0.76 | −2.13 (−6.37, 2.12) | 0.33 | −2.23 (−6.32, 1.85) | 0.28 |
 Persistently socially isolated group | −16.35 (−22.18, − 10.53) | <.001b | −11.17 (− 17.19, − 5.16) | <.001 | −10.63 (− 4.77, 3.48) | 0.001 | − 10.75 (− 16.93, − 4.57) | 0.001 | −9.75 (− 15.71, − 3.79) | 0.001 |
Psychosocial variable | ||||||||||
 Loneliness score |  |  |  |  | −.878 (− 1.33, −.43) | <.001 | − 0.52 (− 1.01, −.04) | 0.04 | − 0.12 (−.63, .38) | 0.63 |
Sociodemographic variables | ||||||||||
 Age (years) |  |  |  |  | 0.06 (−.10, .22) | 0.45 | 0.02 (−.14, .18) | 0.80 | −.05 (−.22, .11) | 0.51 |
 Gender (Reference – male) |  |  |  |  | −.37 (−4.22, 3.48) | 0.85 | 0.52 (−3.29, 4.34) | 0.79 | 1.23 (−2.46, 4.92) | 0.51 |
Ethnicity | ||||||||||
 White British/Irish/other |  |  |  |  | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
 Black, Black British/Caribbean/African/other |  |  |  |  | 2.51 (−2.08, 7.09) | 0.28 | 2.55 (−1.99, 7.09) | 0.27 | 0.73 (−3.73, .18) | 0.75 |
 Asian, Asian British/Indian/ Pakistani/Bangladeshi/ other, Chinese |  |  |  |  | 0.89 (−6.33, 8.11) | 0.81 | −1.60 (−8.81, 5.61) | 0.66 | −1.92 (−8.85, 5.02) | 0.59 |
 Mixed White/Black Caribbean, mixed White/Black African, mixed White/Asian, other mixed, other ethnic groups |  |  |  |  | −1.62 (−8.22, 4.97) | 0.63 | −1.55 (−8.18, 5.08) | 0.65 | −3.47 (−9.91, 2.98) | 0.29 |
 Employment/education status (Reference - not in employment/ education) |  |  |  |  | 4.09 (−.08, 8.25) | 0.054 | 3.86 (−.31, 8.04) | 0.07 | 3.08 (−.95, 7.11) | 0.13 |
Educational attainment | ||||||||||
 No qualification |  |  |  |  | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
 Other qualifications |  |  |  |  | 1.30 (−4.37, 6.97) | 0.65 | 0.59 (−5.04, 6.22) | 0.84 | .30 (−5.12, 5.71) | 0.91 |
 Degree |  |  |  |  | 1.89 (−4.19, 7.98) | 0.54 | 1.26 (−4.78, 7.29) | 0.68 | 1.36 (−4.45, 7.16) | 0.65 |
Psychiatric variables | ||||||||||
 Number of psychiatric inpatient hospitalisations | ||||||||||
  Never |  |  |  |  |  |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
  Once |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.06 (−3.00, 7.12) | 0.42 | 2.31 (−2.57, 7.18) | 0.35 |
  More than 2 times |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4.92 (−.13, 9.96) | 0.056 | 4.50 (−.36, 9.35) | 0.07 |
 Number of years since first contact with mental health services | ||||||||||
  Less than 3 months |  |  |  |  |  |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
  3 months - 2 years |  |  |  |  |  |  | −3.77 (−10.29, 2.75) | 0.26 | −4.86 (−11.14, 1.43) | 0.13 |
  2–10 years |  |  |  |  |  |  | −9.31 (−14.97, −3.64) | 0.001 | −9.56 (− 15.01, − 4.12) | 0.001 |
  More than 10 years |  |  |  |  |  |  | −4.56 (−10.49, 1.38) | 0.13 | −5.90 (− 11.64, −.15) | 0.04 |
Baseline BPRS total score |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.20 (−.41, .0002) | 0.050 | −0.17 (−.36, .03) | 0.10 |
Baseline QPR total score | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.26 (.14, .38) | <.001 |
R2 adjusted | 0.115 | 0.188 | 0.182 | 0.227 | 0.285 |