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Table 4 Model E (Five-Factor Model) Factor Loading

From: Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale among undergraduates and clinical patients

Item

Undergraduate sample

Clinical sample

1. I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me.

0.635

0.718

2. I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor.

0.464

0.519

3. I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends.

0.757

0.851

4. I feel that I was just as good as other people.

0.626

0.621

5. I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing

0.643

0.639

6. I felt depressed.

0.826

0.892

7. I felt that everything I did was an effort.

0.777

0.757

8. I feel hopeful about the future.

0.800

0.657

9. I thought my life had been a failure.

0.772

0.666

10. I felt fearful.

0.767

0.705

11. My sleep was restless.

0.585

0.447

12.I was happy

0.812

0.873

13. I talked less than usual.

0.625

0.595

14. I felt lonely.

0.775

0.713

15. People were unfriendly.

0.837

0.836

16.I enjoyed life.

0.830

0.816

17. I had crying spells.

0.477

0.591

18. I felt sad.

0.772

0.871

19. I felt that people disliked me.

0.873

0.920

20. I could not get “going.”

0.749

0.721